The Ottoman Empire

Question 1

Ottoman Empire

Answer 1

the Turkish empire, established in northern Anatolia by Osman I at the end of the 13th century and expanded by his successors to include all of Asia Minor and much of southeastern Europe. After setbacks caused by the invasion of the Mongol ruler Tamerlane in 1402, the Ottomans captured Constantinople in 1453, and the empire reached its zenith under Suleiman in the mid 16th century. It had greatly declined by the 19th century and collapsed after World War I.

Question 2

jarisarries

Answer 2

a member of the Turkish infantry forming the Sultan’s guard between the 14th and 19th centuries.
a devoted follower or supporter.

Question 3

Sultan

Answer 3

a Muslim sovereign.
historical
the sultan of Turkey.

Question 4

sultanate

Answer 4

noun form of sultan

Question 5

harem

Answer 5

(in former times) the separate part of a Muslim household reserved for wives, concubines, and female servants.
synonyms: seraglio · zenana · women’s quarters
the women occupying a harem; the wives (or concubines) of a polygamous man.
a group of female animals sharing a single mate.
derogatory
a group of women perceived as centering around a particular man:
“rich men with their extensive harems of buxom blondes”

Question 6

aurangzeb

Answer 6

Abu’l Muzaffar Muhi-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir, commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his regenal title Alamgir, was the sixth, and widely considered the last effective Mughal Emperor. He ruled over most of the Indian subcontinent du…

Question 7

Shah

Answer 7

a title of the former monarch of Iran

Question 8

Maratha Kingdom

Answer 8

The Maratha Empire or the Maratha Confederacy was an Indian power that existed from 1674 to 1818 and ruled over much of the Indian sub-continent. The Marathas are credited to a large extent for ending the Mughal rule in India.[3][4][5]

Question 9

Timur the Lame

Answer 9

Timur, historically known as Tamerlane (Persian: تيمور لنگ‎‎ Timūr(-e) Lang, “Timur the Lame”), was a Turco-Mongol conqueror and the founder of the Timurid Empire in Persia and Central Asia. He was also the first ruler in the Timurid dynasty.

Question 10

Mehmet the conquero

Answer 10

ehmed II, best known as Mehmed the Conqueror, was an Ottoman sultan who ruled first for a short time from August 1444 to September 1446, and later from February 1451 to May 1481. At the age of 21, he conquered Constantinople and brought an end to the Eastern Roman Empire. Mehmed continued his conquests in Anatolia with its reunification and in Southeast Europe as far west as Bosnia. Mehmed is considered a …

Question 11

Emperor Akbar

Answer 11

Akbar, known as Akbar the Great, was Mughal Emperor from 1556 until his death. He was the third and greatest ruler of the Mughal Dynasty in India. Akbar succeeded his father, Humayun, under a regent, Bairam Khan, who helped the young emperor expand and consolidate Mughal domains in India.

Question 12

Nur Jahan

Answer 12

Nur Jahan born Mehr-un-Nissa, was the twentieth but most beloved, and therefore most important consort of the Mughal Emperor Jahangir. Born the daughter of a Grand Vizier who served under Akbar, Nur Jahan was married at a young age to Sher Afgan, governor of Bihar, an important Mughal province. She was a married woman when Prince Jahangir, Akbar’s eldest son, fell in love with her. Two years after Akbar died and Jahangir beca

Question 13

Delhi

Answer 13

a walled city on the River Jumna in north central India, which was made the capital of the Mogul empire in 1638 by Shah Jahan (1592–1666). See also New Delhi.

Question 14

Sufism

Answer 14

Sufism or Tasawwuf, is defined as the inner mystical dimension of Islam. Practitioners of Sufism (Tasawwuf), referred to as Sufis, often belong to different ṭuruq or “orders”—congregations formed around a gra…

Question 15

Sikishm

Answer 15

Sikhism, or Sikhi, is a monotheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of South Asia (subcontinental India) during the 15th century.

Question 16

Taj Mahal

Answer 16

a mausoleum at Agra, India, built by the Mogul emperor Shah Jahan (1592–1666) in memory of his favorite wife, completed c. 1649. Set in formal gardens, the domed building in white marble is reflected in a pool flanked by cypresses.

Question 17

Safavid

Answer 17

a member of a dynasty that ruled Persia 1502–1736 and installed Shia rather than Sunni Islam as the state religion.
ADJECTIVE
relating to the Safavid dynasty.

Question 18

Ismail Abbas

Answer 18

Ismail (ĭsmäēl`), 1486–1524, shah of Persia (1502–24), founder of the Safavid

dynasty. He restored Persia to the position of a sovereign state for the first time since the Arab invasion of Persia. Ismail established the Shiite

form of Islam as the state religion; this gained him the animosity of the Uzbeks and the Ottoman Turks, who were Sunni Muslims. He warred on the Uzbeks successfully in 1510, and Selim I

attacked him in 1514, thus initiating a long series of border wars between the Ottoman Turks and the Persians.

Question 19

Surfis

Answer 19

stand or lie on a surfboard and ride on a wave toward the shore:
“learning to surf”
ride (a wave) toward the shore on a surfboard:
“he has built a career out of surfing big waves”
informal
ride on the roof or outside of a fast-moving vehicle, typically a train, for excitement:
“he fell to his death while surfing on a 70 mph train”
short for channel-surf.
move from site to site on (the Internet).

Question 20

Suleyman

Answer 20

Suleiman I, commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the West and “Kanuni” in his realm, was the tenth and longest-reigning sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 to his death in 1566. Under his administration, the Ottoman state r…

Question 21

Esmail

Answer 21

Ismail I, (July 17, 1487 – May 23, 1524), known in Persian as Shāh Ismāʿil, (Persian: شاه اسماعیل‎‎; full name: Abū l-Muzaffar Isma’il bin Haydar as-Safavī; Azerbaijani: بیرینجی شاه اسماعیل; Şah İsmayıl Xətai), was Shah of Iran (Persia) (1501)[1][2] and the founder of the Safavid dynasty which survived until 1736. Isma’il started his campaign in Iranian Azerbaijan in 1500 as the leader of the Safaviyya, a Twelver Shia militant religious order, and unified all of Iran by 1509.[3] Born in Ardabil, Iran, he was the king (shah) of the Safavid dynasty from 1501 to 1524.

Question 22

Safidon

Answer 22

Safidon is a city and a municipal committee in Jind district in the Indian state of Haryana. Safidon is located at 29° 25’ 0” North, 76° 40’ 0” East. It has an average elevation of 221 m. Safidon is the center of Panipat and Jind. The town is the headquarters of the tehsil of the same name. It is situated on the bank of the Hansi branch of the Western Yamuna canal, 35 km northeast of Jind. The Safidon Sub-Division comprises Safidon tehsil an…

Question 23

Kizilbash

Answer 23

Qizilbash or Kizilbash (sometimes also Qezelbash or Qazilbash) is the label given to a wide variety of Shi’i militant groups that flourished in Azerbaijan, Anatolia and Kurdistan from the late 13th century onwards, some of which contributed to the foundation of the Safavid dynasty of Iran.

Question 24

Rajputs

Answer 24

Rajput is a member of one of the patrilineal clans of western, central, northern India and current eastern Pakistan. They seem to have risen to prominence from the late 6th century CE and governed the majority of princely states in Rajasthan and Surashtra during the period of the British Raj.

Question 25

sikh faith

Answer 25

Sikhism, or Sikhi, is a monotheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of South Asia (subcontinental India) during the 15th century.