industrial revolution

Question 1

enclosure movement

Answer 1

Enclosure (sometimes inclosure) was the legal process in England during the 18th century of enclosing a number of small landholdings to create one larger farm

Question 2

crop rotation

Answer 2

Crop rotation is the practice of growing a series of dissimilar or different types of crops in the same area in sequenced seasons. It is done so that the soil of farms is not used to only one type of nutrient.

Question 3

industrial revolution

Answer 3

The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.

Question 4

factors of productions

Answer 4

In economics, factors of production, resources, or inputs are what is used in the production process to produce output—that is, finished goods and services.

Question 5

mechanization

Answer 5

Mechanization or mechanisation (British English) is the process of changing from working largely or exclusively by hand or with animals to doing that work with machinery

Question 6

factory system

Answer 6

The factory system is a method of manufacturing using machinery and division of labour. Because of the high capital cost of machinery and factory buildings, factories are typically owned by capitalists who employ the operative labour.

Question 7

cottage industry

Answer 7

A cottage industry is a small-scale industry often operated out of a home, rather than out of a factory. Cottage industries are defined by the amount of investment required to start, as well as the number of people employed. They often focus on the production of labor-intensive goods.

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Question 8

enterpreneur

Answer 8

Entrepreneurship has traditionally been defined as the process of designing, launching and running a new business, which typically begins as a small business, such as a startup company, offering a product, process or service for sale or hire, and the people who do so are called ‘entrepreneurs

Question 9

tenements

Answer 9

A tenement is, in most English-speaking areas, a substandard multi-family dwelling in the urban core, usually old and occupied by the poor. In Scotland it still has its original meaning of a multi-occupancy building of any sort, and in parts of England, especially Devon and Cornwall, it refers to an outshot, or additional projecting part at the back of a terraced house, normally with its own roof.[1]

Question 10

mass production

Answer 10

“Mass production”, “flow production” or “continuous production” is the production of large amounts of standardized products, including and especially on assembly lines. Together with job production and batch production, it is one of the three main production methods.[1]

Question 11

fordism

Answer 11

Fordism describes modern economic and social systems based on industrialized, standardized mass production and mass consumption. The concept (named for Henry Ford) is used in social, economic, and management theory about production, working conditions, consumption, and related phenomena, especially regarding the 20th century.[1]

Question 12

corporation

Answer 12

A corporation is a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law. Early incorporated entities were established by charter (i.e. by an ad hoc act granted by a monarch or passed by a parliament or legislature).

Question 13

monopoly

Answer 13

A monopoly is a market containing a single firm that has or is close to total control of the sector. Monopolies are typically forced to divest assets to satisfy anti-monopoly laws. These antitrust laws were put in place to protect consumers and control companies from evil practices thanks to total control

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Question 14

strikes

Answer 14

Strike action, also called labor strike, labour strike, or simply strike, is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work.

Question 15

unions

Answer 15

Union is the state of being united or joined

Question 16

collective

Answer 16

A collective is a group of entities that share or are motivated by at least one common issue or interest, or work together to achieve a common objective.[citation needed] Collectives can differ from cooperatives in that they are not necessarily focused upon an economic benefit or saving, but can be that as well.

Question 17

bargaining

Answer 17

Bargaining or haggling is a type of negotiation in which the buyer and seller of a good or service debate the price and exact nature of a transaction.

Question 18

Eli Withney

Answer 18

Eli Whitney was an American inventor and manufacturer. Traditionally it is said that at thirteen invented the apple peeler but not patented, what is certain is that invented the machine to thresh cotton in 1793

Question 19

james watt

Answer 19

James Watt was a Scottish mechanical engineer and inventor. The improvements made in the Newcomen engine led to the machine known as water vapor, which would be essential

Question 20

henry bessemer

Answer 20

Henry Bessemer was an engineer, typefounder printing, pioneer of modern steelmaking, and inventor of the steel refining process that bears his name. From his childhood he showed great capacity for work and inventiveness. Wikipedia

Question 21

Richard Arkwright

Answer 21

Richard Arkwright fue un industrial inglés que patentó el marco giratorio movido por agua en 1769, y fundó la primera factoría de algodón hidráulica del mundo en Cromford, Derbyshire

Question 22

robert fulton

Answer 22

Robert Fulton (November 14, 1765 – February 24, 1815) was an American engineer and inventor who is widely credited with developing a commercially successful steamboat called The North River Steamboat of Claremont

Question 23

samuel morse

Answer 23

Samuel Finley Breese Morse (April 27, 1791 – April 2, 1872) was an American painter and inventor. After having established his reputation as a portrait painter, in his middle age Morse contributed to the invention of a single-wire telegraph system based on European telegraphs. He was a co-developer of the Morse code, and helped to develop the commercial use of telegraphy.

Question 24

henry ford

Answer 24

Henry Ford (July 30, 1863 – April 7, 1947) was an American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production.

Question 25

jp morgan

Answer 25

John Pierpont “J. P.” Morgan (April 17, 1837 – March 31, 1913) was an American financier and banker who dominated corporate finance and industrial consolidation in late 19th and early 20th Century United States.

Question 26

immigration

Answer 26

Immigration is the international movement of people into a destination country of which they are not natives or where they do not possess citizenship in order to settle or reside there, especially as permanent residents or naturalized citizens, or to take-up employment as a migrant worker or temporarily as a foreign worker.

Question 27

leisure

Answer 27

Tom didn’t like hurrying and spent years working on his book with leisure. leisure nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc.

Question 28

emigration

Answer 28

Emigration is the act of leaving one’s resident country with the intent to settle elsewhere.[1] Conversely, immigration describes the movement of persons into one country from another.[2] Both are acts of migration across national boundaries.

Question 29

push and pull factors

Answer 29

Push and pull factors are those factors which either forcefully push people into migration or attract them. A push factor is forceful, and a factor which relates to the country from which a person migrates. It is generally some problem which results in people wanting to migrate

Question 30

textiles

Answer 30

A textile[1] or cloth[2] is a flexible material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibres (yarn or thread). Yarn is produced by spinning raw fibres of wool, flax, cotton, or other material to produce long strands.[3] Textiles are formed by weaving, knitting, crocheting, knotting, or felting.

Question 31

middle class

Answer 31

The middle class is a class of people in the middle of a social hierarchy. In Weberian socio-economic terms, the middle class is the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the working class and upper class. The common measures of what constitutes middle class vary significantly among cultures. A sizable and healthy middle-class can be viewed as a characteristic of a healthy society.

Question 32

jane adams

Answer 32

Jane Addams (September 6, 1860 – May 21, 1935) was a pioneer American settlement activist/reformer, social worker, public philosopher, sociologist, author, and leader in women’s suffrage and world peace. She co-founded, with Ellen Gates Starr, the first settlement house in the United States, Chicago’s Hull House.

Question 33

child labor laws

Answer 33

Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.[3] This practice is considered exploitative by many international organisations.

Question 34

stuart mill

Answer 34

John Stuart Mill (20 May 1806 – 8 May 1873) was an English philosopher, political economist and civil servant. One of the most influential thinkers in the history of liberalism, he contributed widely to social theory, political theory and political economy.

Question 35

utilitariamism

Answer 35

Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that states that the best action is the one that maximizes utility. “Utility” is defined in various ways, usually in terms of the well-being of sentient entities, such as human beings and other animals

Question 36

meji restoration

Answer 36

The Meiji Restoration (明治維新 Meiji Ishin?), also known as the Meiji Ishin, Renovation, Revolution, Reform, or Renewal, was a chain of events that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Although there were Emperors before the Meiji Restoration, the events restored practical abilities and consolidated the political system under the Emperor of Japan.