The Organ Systems Flashcards
What are the 12 organ systems?
Integumentary system, skeletal system, muscular system, nervous system, lymphatic system, endocrine system, urinary system, digestive system, circulatory/cardiovascular system, respiratory system, male and female reproductive systems
It is in charge of covering/protecting the body, thermoregulation, and excretion of waste material.
Integumentary system
Its primary roles are locomotion, heat generation, support, protection, and blood circulation.
Muscular system
Responsible for the breakdown of food and absorption of nutrients.
Digestive system
This system works with the cardiovascular system for fluid balance, and facilitates absorption/storage of fats as well as defense against disease.
Lymphatic system
It is considered the command center of the body system.
Nervous system
This system facilitates menstruation and procreation, as well as produces gametes and hormones.
Female reproductive system
In charge of gas exchange and the maintenance of Ph balance.
Respiratory system
System responsible for the distribution of hormones in the bloodstream.
Endocrine system
Provides framework/shape to the body.
Skeletal system
This system interprets sensory signals received by the body.
Nervous system
Responsible for the excretion of unabsorbable materials.
Digestive system
This system produces sperm and hormones to maintain reproductive function.
Male reproductive system
Delivers nutrients and gasses through the blood.
Cardiovascular/circulatory system
This organ system promotes spermatogenesis.
Male reproductive system
How does the integumentary system excrete waste?
Through sweat
What organ system is involved in vitamin D activation?
Integumentary system
Includes the thoracic duct, lymph nodes, and lymphatic vessels.
Lymphatic system
What organ system uses blood as a vessel?
Cardiovascular/circulatory system
It is comprised of the body’s bones, cartilage, and joints.
Skeletal system
Blood cell formation is also known as ___?
Hematopoiesis
Composed of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors.
Nervous system
The pathway in the body where food travels if known as the ___?
Alimentary canal
Comprised of the kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
Urinary system
True or False: Both the male and female reproductive systems include the urethra.
FALSE. The male reproductive system includes the urethra, while in females, the urethra is only part of the urinary system.
Includes the body’s glands, as well as the pancreas, testes, and ovaries.
Endocrine system
This system works hand in hand with the respiratory system for oxygenation of the body.
Cardiovascular/circulatory system
Includes the skin, sweat glands, mucus membrane, appendages.
Integumentary system
Composed of the vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.
Female reproductive system
Comprised of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus, and lungs.
Respiratory system
Composed of the heart, blood, and blood vessels.
Cardiovascular/circulatory system
What organ is also known as the throat?
Pharynx
Which organ is commonly known as the wind pipe?
Trachea
What organ is also called the voice box?
Larynx
What are the 3 types of muscles in the body?
Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles
What are the 3 types of blood vessels?
Arteries, capillaries, and veins
These blood vessels carry blood from the heart to the organs.
Arteries
These blood vessels carry blood from the organs to the heart.
Veins
These are tiny vessels that connect the arteries and veins.
Capillaries
True or False: Aside from the skin, the integumentary system also includes our hair and nails.
TRUE. Our hair and nails are also made from skin cells; they are called appendages and are part of the integumentary system.
True or False: The testes and ovaries are part of both the exo- and endocrine systems.
TRUE. Both the testes and ovaries are part of the exocrine (via sperm and egg cells) and endocrine systems (via production of testosterone and estrogen).
This system is composed of the penis, scrotum, testicles, vas deferens, prostate, urethra, etc.
Male reproductive system
What systems are considered “Infrastructure Systems”?
Skeletal system
Nervous system
Muscular System
Cardiovascular/circulatory system
What systems are considered “Regulation Systems”?
Endocrine system
Urinary system
Lymphatic system
What organ systems are considered “Energy Systems”?
Respiratory system
Digestive system
What is the meaning of the acronym TAHBSO?
Total abdominal hysterectomy bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
What is the TAHBSO surgery?
Total removal of the uterus and both ovaries.
It is an abnormal growth of fibroid tissues.
Myoma
Meaning enlargement of the heart
Cardiomegaly
Meaning enlargement of the liver
Hepatomegaly
This gland is part of the sleep-wake cycle and facilitates sleep.
Pineal gland
How does the pineal gland perform its function?
Production of melatonin
These are the emergency glands located above each kidney.
Adrenal glands
The acronym DRE stands for?
Digital Rectal Exam
True or False: Organs in the digestive system vary in tissue thickness depending on function.
TRUE. For example, organs prone to injury/abrasion tend to have thicker tissue.
What are the 4 types of tissues?
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Epithelial tissue
Nervous tissue
It is a procedure that explores the body to find damaged organs/structures.
Explorative Laparotomy
Ligaments connect ___ to ___, while tendons connect ___ to ___.
bone to bone; muscle to bone
What are the 2 types of epithelial tissues?
Simple epithelial tissue
Stratified epithelial tissue
Differentiate simple epithelial tissue from stratified epithelial tissue.
Simple epithelial tissues are composed of only one layer, while stratified epithelial tissues are multilayered.
Refers to the yellowing of the white part of the eye.
Icteric sclera
