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Anatomy & Physiology > Directional Terms > Flashcards

Directional Terms Flashcards

1
Q

These are used to describe the positions of structures relative to other structures or locations in the body.

A

Directional terms

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2
Q

Cranial is also known as ___; while caudal is also known as ___.

A

Superior; inferior

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3
Q

It means closer to the head.

A

Cranial

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4
Q

Caudal means ___?

A

Closer to the feet

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5
Q

True or False: Ventral means closer to the front, while dorsal means closer to the back.

A

TRUE

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6
Q

Ventral is also known as ___; while dorsal is also known as ___.

A

Anterior; posterior

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7
Q

Medial means closer to the ___?

A

Midline/center

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8
Q

What is the opposite term for medial?

A

Lateral

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9
Q

The terms proximal and distal are in relation to the ___?

A

Point of origin

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10
Q

This directional term is used when a structure is between a more medial and more lateral structure.

A

Intermediate

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11
Q

External is also known as ___; while internal is also known as ___.

A

Superficial; deep

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12
Q

What do the terms superficial and deep refer to?

A

Surfaces

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13
Q

What directional terms are used to refer to layers of body cavities?

A

Parietal and visceral

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14
Q

What are two body cavities that utilize the terms parietal and visceral?

A

Pleural cavity and pericardial cavity

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15
Q

The pericardial cavity protects/houses what organ?

A

Heart

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16
Q

The pleural cavity protects/houses what organs?

A

Lungs

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17
Q

___ refers to organs that are on the opposite sides of the body.

A

Contralateral

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18
Q

This is used when organs are on the same side of the body.

A

Ipsilateral

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19
Q

What are the layers of the pleural cavity in order?

A

Parietal pleura, plural cavity, visceral pleura

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20
Q

What are the layers of the pericardial cavity in order of innermost to outermost?

A

Epicardium, visceral pericardium, pericardial cavity, parietal pericardium, fibrous pericardium

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21
Q

The heart is ___ to the diaphragm.

A

Superior/cranial

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22
Q

The hip is ___ to the head.

A

Inferior/caudal

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23
Q

The chest is ___ to the abdomen.

A

Superior/cranial

24
Q

The kidney is ___ to the liver.

A

Inferior/caudal

25
Q

The head is ___ to the pelvis.

A

Superior/cranial

26
Q

The chest is ___ to the spine.

A

Anterior/ventral

27
Q

The heart is ___ to the sternum.

A

Posterior/dorsal

28
Q

The genitals are ___ to the buttocks.

A

Anterior/ventral

29
Q

The spine is ___ to the abdomen.

A

Posterior/dorsal

30
Q

The trachea is ___ to the spine.

A

Anterior/ventral

31
Q

The sternum is ___ to the ribs.

A

Medial

32
Q

The arms are ___ to the chest.

A

Lateral

33
Q

The heart is ___ to the lungs.

A

Medial

34
Q

The cheekbones are ___ to the nose.

A

Lateral

35
Q

The nose is ___ to the ears.

A

Medial

36
Q

The elbow is ___ to the wrist.

A

Proximal

37
Q

The knee is ___ to the hip.

A

Distal

38
Q

The ankle is ___ to the foot.

A

Proximal

39
Q

The finger is ___ to the shoulder.

A

Distal

40
Q

The middle finger is ___ between the ring and index finger.

A

Intermediate

41
Q

The collarbone is ___ to the sternum and the shoulder.

A

Intermediate

42
Q

The heart is ___ between the lungs.

A

Intermediate

43
Q

The skin is ___ to the skeletal muscles.

A

Superficial

43
Q

Muscle is ___ to bone.

A

Superficial

44
Q

The lungs are ___ to the skin.

A

Deep

45
Q

The small intestine is ___ to the skin.

A

Deep

46
Q

The right arm is ___ to the right leg.

A

Ipsilateral

47
Q

The left ear is ___ to the right ear.

A

Contralateral

48
Q

The left lung is ___ to the left kidney.

A

Ipsilateral

49
Q

The right shoulder is ___ to the left elbow.

A

Contralateral

50
Q

These directional terms are typically used when referring to extremities.

A

Proximal and distal

51
Q

Your upper extremities are also known as ___?

A

Arms

52
Q

Your lower extremities are commonly known as ___?

A

Legs

53
Q
A
54
Q

True or False: Both the pericardial cavity and pleural cavity are lined with serous fluid.

A

TRUE

Anatomy & Physiology (8 decks)

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