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Opthalmology > The orbit and the eye > Flashcards

The orbit and the eye Flashcards

1
Q

what bone is the supraorbital notch in?

A

frontal

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2
Q

what bone is the infraorbital foramen in?

A

maxilla

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3
Q

what bone is the optic canal in and the superior orbital fissure in?

A

sphenoid

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4
Q

apex of the orbit?

A

optic canal

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5
Q

lateral wall of orbit?

A

sphenoid

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6
Q

medial wall of orbit?

A

ethmoid

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7
Q

roof of orbit?

A

frontal bone

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8
Q

floor of orbit?

A

maxilla

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9
Q

base of orbit?

A

orbital rim

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10
Q

the 2 parts of orbicularis oculi?

A

orbital part (above eye)

palpebrae part (below eye)

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11
Q

what is the limbus?

A

corneoscleral junction

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12
Q

what nerve controls lacrimal fluid production?

A

facial (parasympathetic part)

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13
Q

is the pupil under autonomic control?

A

yes

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14
Q

what 3 things make up the uvea?

A

iris

ciliary body

choroid

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15
Q

what are the 3 layers of the eye?

A

fibrous

uvea

retina

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16
Q

what are the 2 parts of the fibrous layer of the eye?

A

sclera and conrea

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17
Q

what attaches to the sclera

A

muscles

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18
Q

where is the anterior eye segment?

A

infront of the lens

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19
Q

where is the posterior eye segment?

A

behind the lens (bigger segment)

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20
Q

what segment is the anterior chamber in?

A

anterior segment (between cornea and iris)

21
Q

what does the anterior chamber contain?

A

aqueous humour

22
Q

what segment is the posterior chamber in>

A

anterior segment (between iris and suspensory ligaments)

also contains aqueous humour

23
Q

what does the posterior segment contain?

A

vitreous humour (common place for floaters)

24
Q

where is aqueous humour made and secreted from?

A

ciliary body

25
Q

where does the aqueous humour travel to first after leaving ciliary body?

A

into posterior chamber to nourish the lens

26
Q

where does aqueous humour go after the posterior chamber?

A

anterior chamber to nourish cornea

27
Q

what happens to aqueous after being the anteerior chamber?

A

reabsorbed into scleral venous sinuses at iridocorneal angle

28
Q

what does the fundus include?

A

optic disc
macula
fovea

29
Q

where is your blind spot?

A

optic disc

30
Q

where is the greatest density of cones?

A

macula

31
Q

where is the fovea?

A

centre of macula

it is the area of most acute vision

32
Q

name the layers of the retina anterior to posterior?

A

axons of ganglion cells

ganglion cells

photoreceptors

33
Q

where do the retinal arteries and veins lie in relation to the retina?

A

they lie anterior to the retina

34
Q

objectsin right visual field are processed by what part of primary visual cortex

A

left

35
Q

objects in the left visual field are processed by what part of the primary visual cortex?

A

right

36
Q

what artery branches from the internal carotid?

A

ophthalmic artery

37
Q

what branches from the ophthalmic artery?

A

central artery of retina and
nasal branches (for littles area)
forehead branches

38
Q

what veins drain the orbit/eye?

A

superior and inferior ophthalmic veins which drain to the cavernous sinus

39
Q

how many extraocular muscles are there?

A

7

40
Q

name thje extraocular muscles

A

superior rectus
inferior rectus
lateral rectus
medial rectus

superior oblique
inferior oblique

levator palpebrae superioris

41
Q

what muscle lifts the upper eyelid?

A

levator palpebrae superioris

42
Q

innervation of lateral rectus

A

abducent (CN VI)

43
Q

innervation of superior oblique?

A

trochlear (CN IV)

44
Q

what muscle innvervates all the muscles bar lateral rectus and superior oblique?

A

occulomotor! (CN III)

45
Q

LR6 SO4 AO3

what does this mean?

A

lateral rectus -CN 6

superior oblique- CN 4

all others- CN3

46
Q

what movement happens on the vertical axis?

A

abduction/adduction

47
Q

what movement happens on transverse axis?

A

elevation/depression

48
Q

what movement happens on anteroposterior axis?

A

intorsion/extorsion

49
Q

what movement does superior oblique do?

A

down and out

Opthalmology (10 decks)

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