Orbital Autonomics Flashcards
what do the suspensory ligements attach to laterally?
zygoma
what is diplopia?
double vision
what nerve supplies general sensory to the forehead, upper eyelid,bridge of nose , cornea and conjunctiva?
ophthammic nerve (from trigeminal)
what nerve supplies general sensory to skin over ala of nose, over maxilla, lower eyelid and upper lip?
maxillary nerve
what nerve supplies general sensory to skin over mandible and temperomandibular joint?
mandibular nerve
what nerve sends signals to the brain for when you need to blink?
ophthalmic
what nerve controls the msucles that does the blinking?
facial nerve
what artery carries sympathetic axons into the orbit?
ophthalmic artery
what cranial nerves contain parasympathetic axons?
3,7,9,10
what does CN 3 give parasympathetic innervation to?
thy eye, lacrimal gland, submandibular and sublingual glands
what does CN 9 give parasympathetic innervation to?
parotid gland
what does CN 10 give parasympathetic innervation to?
neck, chest, abdomen to mid gut
what do the sacral nerves give parasympathetic innervation to?
hindgut, pelvis and perineum
what muscles does the superior branch of the occulomotor nerve supply?
superior rectus and lavator palpebrae superioris
what muscles does the inferior branch of the occulomotor nerve supply?
medial rectus
inferior rectus
inferior oblique
what does the right ciliary ganglion do?
supply autonomic axons to control diameter of iris and pupil and refractive shape of lens
what are the 4 autonomic reflexes of the eye?
max eyelid elevation
pupillary dilation/constriction
focussing the lens
lacrimation
what is the vestibulo-ocular reflex?
turn the eye in opposite direction to the head to stabalize gaze
what is the oculocardiac reflex?
reflex bradycardia in response to tension in extraocular muscles or pressure on eye
eye open wider
get more light into eyes
focus on far objects
emotional lacrimation
what innervation causees this?
sympathetic
allows orbicularius occuli to work
less light into eyes
focus on near object
reflex lacrimation
what innervation causes this?
parasympathetic
what type of muscle is levator palpebrae superioris
skeletal and smooth muscle
what do mydriatic drugs do?
induce dilation
miotic pupil =
constricted pupil
fixed dilated “blown pupil” -no response to light
occulomotor pathology
in the dark pupils..?
dilate
in the light pupils..?
constrict
do ciliary muscles relax or constrict for far vision?
relax
what does the lens do when focussing on far objects
flattens (ligament tightens)
do ciliary muscles relax or constrict for near vision?
constrict
what does the lens do when focussing on near objects
becomes spherical (ligament is relxed)
what is the accommodation reflex?
response to near
what happens in the accommodation reflex?
bilaterally pupils constrict
bilatteral convergence (medial rotation)
bilateral relaxation of lens
what do basal tears do?
clean and hydrate cornea
contain lysozyme
afferent limb for reflex tears?
ophthalmic nerve
efferent limb for reflex tears?
facial nerve
