Orbital Autonomics

Question 1

what do the suspensory ligements attach to laterally?

Answer 1

zygoma

Question 2

what is diplopia?

Answer 2

double vision

Question 3

what nerve supplies general sensory to the forehead, upper eyelid,bridge of nose , cornea and conjunctiva?

Answer 3

ophthammic nerve (from trigeminal)

Question 4

what nerve supplies general sensory to skin over ala of nose, over maxilla, lower eyelid and upper lip?

Answer 4

maxillary nerve

Question 5

what nerve supplies general sensory to skin over mandible and temperomandibular joint?

Answer 5

mandibular nerve

Question 6

what nerve sends signals to the brain for when you need to blink?

Answer 6

ophthalmic

Question 7

what nerve controls the msucles that does the blinking?

Answer 7

facial nerve

Question 8

what artery carries sympathetic axons into the orbit?

Answer 8

ophthalmic artery

Question 9

what cranial nerves contain parasympathetic axons?

Answer 9

3,7,9,10

Question 10

what does CN 3 give parasympathetic innervation to?

Answer 10

thy eye, lacrimal gland, submandibular and sublingual glands

Question 11

what does CN 9 give parasympathetic innervation to?

Answer 11

parotid gland

Question 12

what does CN 10 give parasympathetic innervation to?

Answer 12

neck, chest, abdomen to mid gut

Question 13

what do the sacral nerves give parasympathetic innervation to?

Answer 13

hindgut, pelvis and perineum

Question 14

what muscles does the superior branch of the occulomotor nerve supply?

Answer 14

superior rectus and lavator palpebrae superioris

Question 15

what muscles does the inferior branch of the occulomotor nerve supply?

Answer 15

medial rectus
inferior rectus
inferior oblique

Question 16

what does the right ciliary ganglion do?

Answer 16

supply autonomic axons to control diameter of iris and pupil and refractive shape of lens

Question 17

what are the 4 autonomic reflexes of the eye?

Answer 17

max eyelid elevation
pupillary dilation/constriction
focussing the lens
lacrimation

Question 18

what is the vestibulo-ocular reflex?

Answer 18

turn the eye in opposite direction to the head to stabalize gaze

Question 19

what is the oculocardiac reflex?

Answer 19

reflex bradycardia in response to tension in extraocular muscles or pressure on eye

Question 20

eye open wider
get more light into eyes
focus on far objects
emotional lacrimation

what innervation causees this?

Answer 20

sympathetic

Question 21

allows orbicularius occuli to work
less light into eyes
focus on near object
reflex lacrimation

what innervation causes this?

Answer 21

parasympathetic

Question 22

what type of muscle is levator palpebrae superioris

Answer 22

skeletal and smooth muscle

Question 23

what do mydriatic drugs do?

Answer 23

induce dilation

Question 24

miotic pupil =

Answer 24

constricted pupil

Question 25

fixed dilated “blown pupil” -no response to light

Answer 25

occulomotor pathology

Question 26

in the dark pupils..?

Answer 26

dilate

Question 27

in the light pupils..?

Answer 27

constrict

Question 28

do ciliary muscles relax or constrict for far vision?

Answer 28

relax

Question 29

what does the lens do when focussing on far objects

Answer 29

flattens (ligament tightens)

Question 30

do ciliary muscles relax or constrict for near vision?

Answer 30

constrict

Question 31

what does the lens do when focussing on near objects

Answer 31

becomes spherical (ligament is relxed)

Question 32

what is the accommodation reflex?

Answer 32

response to near

Question 33

what happens in the accommodation reflex?

Answer 33

bilaterally pupils constrict

bilatteral convergence (medial rotation)

bilateral relaxation of lens

Question 34

what do basal tears do?

Answer 34

clean and hydrate cornea

contain lysozyme

Question 35

afferent limb for reflex tears?

Answer 35

ophthalmic nerve

Question 36

efferent limb for reflex tears?

Answer 36

facial nerve