The Old Kingdom of Ancient Egypt Flashcards
In the years prior to the old kingdom what was the art in egypt famous for having ?
some funerary offerings and sculptures includeing slate palettes for eye makeup, sculptured figures, ivory carvings and pottery
The old kingdom is best known for…
The pyramids of Giza and saqqara and it is one of the most innovative periods of egyptian culture
In profile means…
bel gamb
How did sculptors render their art in this era?
conceptual rendering of the human figure
what was in a in profile view and what was in frontal view in their reliefs?
the pelvis(hips), the legs and the head were in an in profile view while the eyes and the torso was in a frontal view
Was there an attempt to make their sculptures 3d ?
no the figuers were flat and there was no attempts at foreshortening or 3 dimensions
How were the wall decorations carved?
they were very low reliefs and they were incised with great detail
why was colour not used wildely?
bec of its impermanence
what did the artist stick to generally during ancient egypt?
inheritated stylistic conventions, only few attempts were made in naturalisim
what was Erwin Panofsy’s view on the egyptian method of working?
the art was not directed towards the variable but the constant. was not directed towards the symbolization of the present but towards the realization of a timeless of eternity
what were the temples and tombs made out of and what were the dwellings fo the living made out of(even the king)?
stones, mudbrick
what were the common stones available across the nile river?
limestone and sandstone
what were other stones that famous across egypt?
basalt, granite , grewacke and gnesis
order of the evolotion of the sculptors tools is…
flint> copper> bronze> iron
what did the artists use to sculpture hard stones such as diorite and granite?
human made hammers then they used to smooth it using hard rubbing stones and fine sand pastes
where was the statue of seated khafre found?
it was found in the valley temple of his pyramid complex
what was his throne decorated with?
it was decorated with powerful looking lions, and with lotus and papyrus plants intertwined upon a trachea and lungs
what does sema-tawy mean?
“sema-tawy” a symbol of the unity of upper and lower egypt
how did the sculptors try to depict his eternalty?
by carving him in an athletic form (his best form) regardless of his age when the statue was sculptured
what did the falcon horus’s placement indicate?
his close reletionship with his fellow god (khafre as he was portrayed in a very dignified manner)
the era of khafre statue is…
old kingdom 4th dynasty
what did the statue convey regarding khafre ? and why?
divine kingship as it unites highly skilled treatment of material with many complex levels of meaning in its construction
when was the 1st apparation of group statues?
the menkaure traid
what were the components of the triad ?
the Horus , king of upper and lower egypt “Menkaura”, mistress of sycamore Hathor(شجرة الجميز)
what is the meaning of the inscriptions written in the base of the triad?
means all good produced in the hare nome will be presented to the king to support him in perpetuity(الابديه)
what was a common theory about the traids?
that there was 8 of these triads featuring the king with hathor with one of the other nome deites and they were set up in menkaura’s valley temple
nome means…
اقليم
how many nomes were there ?
22 upper egypt (south) and 20 lower egypt (north) so total of 42 nomes
in which dynasty was the traid?
the 4th dynasty
what is horus’s(this is in greek) name in hieroglyphic?
كاجت
hare means…
a wild rabbit ارنب بري
what was the rendering used in the king’s sculputers and the rendering of other people sculptures?
king> idealism
other people> realism
amulet means…
تميمه حاجه شبه العقد
in ancient egypt what did the heart represent?
a seat of emotion and intelligence and it was weighed against a feather on the judgment day
diadem means…
a small crown that can be made out of cloth and nofret wore it
who may be ankhaf?
he may be the son of senfro and he may have served khafre as minister
what did ankhaf do?
he was an overseer upon the building of khafre pyramid and abo alhawl
lost in antiquity means…
حاجه فقدت من زمان او عصرحاكم
millennium means…
الالفيه
necropolis means…
الجبانه/مدينه للموتي
what is the 1st captial to egypt?
manf
the primival mount means…
التل الازلي البعد الفياضانات
hectar x2 =
1 fadan
false doors or mockup doors are…
ابواب وهميه
colonnade means…
ممر كله اعمده
leaves + mudbrick=
العماره النباتيه
chapels in ancient egypt means…
مقصوره = مبني للملك صغير
plinth means…
the base of a statue
the conception of the monarchy( الطبقيه) is portrayed in…
pyramids and it shows the power of the ruler
dressed stone means…
الحجر المهيء
charecristics of mudbricks are…
perishiable and fragile
بناء مصمت means…
بناء مفيهوش ممرات ولا اي حاجه
what was the 1st ever dressed-stone pyramid ?
Djoser’s pyramid
vault in ancient egypt means..
قبو
gallaries means…
ممرات
Facade means…
the front of a building
Jed pillars means…
عواميد جيد توحي بالابديه
نيش means…
تجويف في الجدار (ممكن يتحط فيه تمثال)
عنخ means…
life
cobra symbolizes…
north egypt (just like the lotus)
حبسد means…
a festival done upon the passing of 30 years for the ruler
gravel means…
a loose agregation of small-water worn stones or pebbles
double throne means…
a place having both thrones one for the north and one for the south
بناء مصمت means…
بناء مفيهوش اي حاجه مفيهوش اي تجويف اصلا ،a block of a material
What is the purpose of false doors?
To allow the souls of the dead to pass through them
