The North and Boreal Forest Flashcards

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1
Q

is a transitional region between the heavily populated south of Canada and the largely uninhabited north.

A

the Near North

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2
Q

Northern landscapes are underlain by mostly granitic _____ rock

A

Precambrian

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3
Q

the pattern of settlements tends to be ___, reflecting the historic influence of railways

A

linear

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4
Q

3 CMAs

A

Thunder Bay
Sudbury
Chicoutimi-Jonquiere

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5
Q

is an unpriced, and unintended consequence of one’s actions

A

Externality

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6
Q

The bioaccumulation of mercury could eventually result in

A

Minimata Disease

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7
Q

____ are likely to be the new source of mercury contamination

A

Logging practices

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8
Q

do nothing

A

Laissez-faire

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9
Q

moving away from coastlines as sea levels rise due to global warming

A

adaptive strategies

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10
Q

Kyoto Accord, which might address environmental concerns

A

Enact policies

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11
Q

The Boreal Forest covers roughly ___% of Canada’s area

A

35

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12
Q

___ marks the transition to tundra vegetation and the Canadian Arctic.

A

the northern edge of the Boreal forest

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13
Q

What 5 species of conifers dominate the boreal forest?

A
  • white spruce
  • black spruce
  • balsam
  • fir
  • jack pine
  • tamarack
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14
Q

The Boreal forest extends across what physiographic regions and landforms?

A
  • mountainous highlands
  • plains
  • prairies
  • Canadian Shield
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15
Q

Canada is now known as one of the world’s largest exporters of ___.

A

wood products

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16
Q

What are anthropogenic impacts to the Boreal forest?

A

forest management practices such as fire suppression, clear cutting, and reforestation.

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17
Q

___ often ruins whole ecosystems, as the trees are no longer present to shade and protect the underlying soil, water, vegetation and animals.

A

Clearcutting

18
Q

is the world’s largest and most important carbon storehouse.

A

the boreal forest

19
Q

is also referred to as the Territorial North.

A

the far north

20
Q

much of the ___ is tundra and permafrost landscape

A

far north

21
Q

is one of the least populated regions in Canada, with sparse communities of mostly natives.

A

the far north

22
Q

is used to measure the degree of “northernness” in specific places.

A

Nordicity

23
Q

are used to denote the degree of nordicity in a region

A

polar units

24
Q

The absolute North Pole has a nordicity value of __ polar units.

A

1000

25
Q

The Territorial North has been referred to as a _____ due to its geographical isolation from world markets, and resource development that is dependent on external demand only.

A

“resource frontier”

26
Q

___ contain the most vulnerable ecosystems, and are predicted to experience the greatest response by climate change.

A

High latitude regions such as the Far North

27
Q

_____ are responsible for decreasing the annual extent and duration of snow and ice cover.

A

rising temperatures

28
Q

is a measured index of the reflectivity of a surface.

A

Albedo

29
Q

is a soil zone that has remained frozen for two or more years.

A

permafrost

30
Q

the resources, technology, social organization and ideology that permits the factors of production (land, labour, capital) to be combined in order to meet the material, social and spiritual needs of the society.

A

mode of production

31
Q

what are the 2 modes of production in the Far North?

A
  • Industrial - capitalist

- Native

32
Q

are used to fuel the government as well as small and large businesses

A

Industrial/capitalist modes of production

33
Q

use modes of production for subsistence only

A

Indigenous peoples

34
Q

is the study of spatial variations

A

regional geography

35
Q

is a distinct area of the Earth’s surface, defined by its human or natural characteristics.

A

a region

36
Q

They are intellectual creations devised by people (usually, but not always geographers), for a particular purpose

A

regions

37
Q

Why is it necessary to divide Canada into regions?

A
  • for practical reasons

- pedagogical

38
Q

is the feeling of identity, belonging, and attachment to geographic space.

A

a sense of place

39
Q

is made up of the characteristics of a geographic area, with particular focus on human activity.

A

a cultural landscape

40
Q

is often referred to as a turning point within the environmental movement.

A

love canal