Industrial Heartland Flashcards
The Great Lakes-St. Lawrence lowlands are located in
southern Ontario and southern Quebec
is a geographic area in which a nation’s industry, population and political power are concentrated.
A heartland
Industrial Heartland is home to over __% of the Canadian population
55
It contains __ of Canada’s largest CMAs, as well as __ of Canada’s 33 CMAs.
6
18
had a more favourable physical resource base
Upper Canada
the process whereby a society/nation is transformed from one which is predominantly rural in character to one which is predominantly urban in character
urbanization
the process whereby an economy becomes increasingly dominated by the factory mode of production
industrialization
- With imperial outposts such as Halifax and Quebec City serving primarily administrative and military roles.
- The economic functions of these settlements were limited.
- lasted until the beginning of the 19th century
the Mercantile phase
- started in the early 19th century
- commercial interests and activities were primarily entered on the distribution of manufactured goods imported from Britain and the US
the Commercial phase
- lasted from the 19th century to about the 1960s
- the 1880s saw the rise of __ capitalism in Canada
- during this time about 1/4 of the population was urban, with agriculture beginning to decline as manufacturing was increasing in importance
the Industrial phase
- began in the late 20th century
- decline of older central cities and manufacturing
- increase in the importance of the service sector
the Post-Industrial phase
a region’s access to resources
first factor
the initiative or entrepreneurship of local citizens
second factor
underlying the ride of manufacturing concerns economic policies enacted by government
third factor
2 goals of the National Policy
- to unify the east and west with a rail line
- to protect and promote Canadian manufacturers by placing tariffs on imported manufactured goods.
corporate policy (includes mergers and amalgamations to create economies of scale)
fourth factor
mutually reinforcing processes
urbanization and industrialization
meaning that each perpetuates or is dependent on the other
Mutually reinforcing processes
- Area extending from Peterborough in the east to London in the west to St. Catherines in the Niagara peninsula
- 1/4 of Canada’s population
Greater Golden Horseshoe
This is a result of globalization and the opening of worldwide markets.
hollowing out
The faultline with the greatest potential to disrupt Canada is ___
the French/English faultline
regarding the separation of Quebec from Canada, for cultural and economic reasons.
1980 Referendum
is one of Canada’s most prominent areas of environmental concern, due to decades of pollution by coal tar and other industrial pollulants.
Randle Reef (in Hamilton Harbour)
is the study of spatial patterns and processes on the Earth’s surface
Geography
