The Normal Swallow

Question 1

What are the 4 stages or swallowing?

Answer 1

1) Oral preparatory stage - food masticated in preperation for transfer
2) Oral stage - transfer of bolus from mouth to oropharynx
3) Pharyngeal stage - bolus transported around occluded laryngeal vestibule, through relaxed cricopharyngeus into upper esophagus
4) esophageal stage - material transported through esophagus into gastric cardia
(Groher & Crary, 2016, pp. 19-20)

Question 2

What forms the back of the nasal cavity?

Answer 2

The perpendicular part of the palatines.

Question 3

What two parts seal and open communication between the nasal and oral cavities during swallowing and respiratory behaviours?

Answer 3

The velum and the posterior nasopharyngeal wall.

Groher & Crary, 2016, p. 20

Question 4

The inferior part of the pharynx, where the pharynx divides anteriorly into the larynx and posteriorly into the esophagus

Answer 4

Laryngopharynx (hypopharynx)

Question 5

This sphincter muscle seperates the laryngopharynx from the esophagus.

Answer 5

cricopharyngeal muscle

Question 6

What protects the respiratory system during the pharyngeal swallow?

Answer 6

1) occlusive muscular constriction of the laryngeal vestibule

2) downward displacement of the epiglottis
(Groher & Crary, 2016, p. 21)

Question 7

What is the space between the vestibular (false) vocal folds and the true vocal folds called?

Answer 7

The laryngeal ventricle

Question 8

Lateral recesses at the base of the tongue on each side of the epiglottis

Answer 8

valleculae

Question 9

lateral recesses between the larynx and the anterior laryngopharyngeal wall

Answer 9

Piriform sinuses