The New World Flashcards
Why did England explore the new world?
- New technological advancements.
- Economics
- Politics
How did new technological advancements lead to England exploring the new world?
- Thomas Harriot worked out ways to use the sun to navigate.
- Maps were printed, so voyages could be recorded and accurately mapped.
- Quadrants and astrolabes were used to navigate the ships position.
- Ships were improved, greater crew and cargo capacity and better sails.
How did economics lead to England exploring the new world?
- Massive rewards, America had exotic crops and spices for trade.
- New markets were needed as the Spanish wars disrupted cloth trade.
- Trans-Atlantic slave trade was huge market for goods in America.
How did politics lead to England exploring the new world?
- Trade with the Netherlands was cut off, needed new market.
- Spanish and English rivalry, England wanted to expand their empire and power.
- Wanted to develop slave trade in new world.
Why was Walter Raleigh significant in setting up colonies?
- Investigated, organised and raises funds for the colony in Virginia.
- Promoted the voyage and persuaded people to settle in Virginia.
- Appointed the governor of Virginia.
- Developed the blueprint that was to be used for later colonisations.
Why was Virginia chosen for the colony.
- The natives were willing to trade rare very valuable goods for wool, giving the English a huge profit.
- The natives were friendly, easy to trade with and the new world was called a paradise.
- Strategic position, the English could attack Spanish colonies.
- Chance for people to make fortunes and whole English economy to benefit.
- 2 natives were brought back, so the English were able to learn to communicate with them and have their help in establishment.
How was what was sent to Virginia different to what Raleigh actually wanted?
- Instead of 300, there were 107 colonists, and although Raleigh wanted a variety of skills, they were all male and over half were soldiers.
- They left too late to plant some crops for the winter.
- Seeds, food and gunpowder was ruined as the “tiger”’s hull was damaged.
Significance of the colony in Virginia:
- Base to attack Spain and for privateering.
- Acts as an example for future ventures and are the roots of the empire.
- North Americans could choose between English and Spanish traders.
- England wouldn’t need to rely on the Italian, French and Spanish trade if it could control trade from the new world.
How did the state of affairs cause failure of the colony?
- There wasn’t enough variety of workers
- Forts couldn’t be built as there wasn’t necessary material.
- Many arrived ill and couldn’t work.
- The tiger’s hull was damaged, all the supplies it carried were ruined.
- The gun powder was ruined, colonists couldn’t hunt well.
- The climate was humid and lots of mosquitos meant food rotted quickly.
How did actions of the people lead to failure of the colony?
- They left too late to plant crops.
- Inexperienced colonists who relied too much on the natives.
- Ill-disciplined soldiers could not farm and annoyed the natives.
- The natives eventually attacked, as they didn’t trust the colonists.
- Colonists did not cooperate effectively with each other.
- Many didn’t want to do manual labour, as they were promised paradise.
How did contextual factors lead to the failure of the colony?
-The lower class didn’t want to work with the upper class.
Was Raleigh to blame for the failure of Virginia?
Yes: failed to give variety of people and ruined relations with natives. Left too late for crops.
No: wasn’t responsible for the behaviour of the colonists as he wasn’t able to go on the voyage. Elizabeth wouldn’t fund it, so he couldn’t get the funds needed. Couldn’t help the fact the ship was damaged.
How was the Roanoke colony different to Virginia?
- There were 17 women and several families.
- Everyone was from a poor background, so they were used to hard work and manual labour.
Why did Roanoke fail?
- The natives were hostile from the start.
- John White attacked the friendly natives.
