The Nervous System

Question 0

What does the PNS include

Answer 0

Nerves outside the CNS

Question 1

What does the CNS include

Answer 1

The brain and the spinal cord (optic nerve)

Question 2

Define coordination

Answer 2

The organisation of the different elements of the complex body

Question 3

Define ‘effector’

Answer 3

An organ (muscle or gland) that brings about a response

Question 4

Define nervous system

Answer 4

The vast network of nerves in the body

Question 5

Define receptor cell

Answer 5

A cell that senses a stimulus and transmits the message along

Question 6

Define stimulus

Answer 6

A detectable change in the environment

Question 7

Define response

Answer 7

A change brought about following a stimulus

Question 8

Define the CNS

Answer 8

Do you part of the nervous system that includes the brain, optic nerves and the spinal cord

Question 9

Define Sense organ

Answer 9

A specialised organ with clusters of receptor cells that sense a change in the environment

Question 10

Define brain

Answer 10

The control centre of the CNS

Question 11

Define spinal cord

Answer 11

A bundle of nerves in closed in the spine that connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain

Question 12

Define reflex

Answer 12

Involuntary and almost immediate response to a stimulus

Question 13

Define neurone

Answer 13

A nerve cell-a specialised cell which transmits info through nerve impulses

Question 14

Define nerve

Answer 14

Nerve cell-a single neurone

Nerve - A bundle of several neurons

Question 15

Define nerve impulse

Answer 15

Electrical signals (current) that travels along a neurone

Question 16

Define cell body

Answer 16

The part of a neuron which contains the nucleus

Question 17

Define dendrites

Answer 17

Extensions at which nerve impulses are received from other cells at synapses and transmitted to the cell body

Question 18

Define axon

Answer 18

Extensions which carry nerve impulses to another neurons or a effector organ (muscle or gland)

Question 19

Define myelin sheath

Answer 19

Fatty sheath which insulates the axon (preventing short-circuits of electrical impulses) and speeds up the conduction of nerve impulses; made of Schwann cells

Question 20

Explain the reflex Ark

Answer 20

Stimulus–> receptor–> sensory neuron–> relay neuron (CNS)–> motor neuron –> effector –> response

Question 21

What are all receptors?

Answer 21

Transducer. When energy is changed from one form into another, this is called transduction. All receptors are transducers of energy.

Question 22

What is the biological name for a nerve cell

Answer 22

A neuron

Question 23

What do motor neurones do

Answer 23

Transmit impulses to the muscles and glands