Breathing And Gas Exchange

Question 1

What is the windpipe also called

Answer 1

Trachea

Question 2

What does the trachea split into

Answer 2

Two tubes called bronchi, one leading to each lung

Question 3

What does each bronchus divide into

Answer 3

Smaller and smaller tubes called bronchioles eventually ending at microscopic air sacs called alveoli.

Question 4

What happens at the alveoli

Answer 4

Gas exchange with the blood

Question 5

How are the lungs and ribs (thorax) separated

Answer 5

Two thin moist membranes called pleural membranes that surround the lungs forming and air tight seal. In between the two pleural membranes is a thin layer of pleural fluid which acts as a lubricant and prevents the lungs from sticking to our chest when we breath

Question 6

How do our airways keep clean

Answer 6

Some cells secrete mucus which traps bacteria and dirt
Others are covered in tiny hair like structures called cilia which beat back and forth sweeping the mucus towards the mouth to stop them entering the lungs where they might cause infection

Question 7

What happens when you breath out?

Answer 7

External intercostal relax

Internal intercostals contract pulling ribs down and in

Question 8

What happens when you breath in

Answer 8

External intercostal contract pulling ribs up

Muscles in diaphragm contract pulling diaphragm down into a more flattened shape

Question 9

What joins each rib to the next?

Answer 9

Two sets of muscle called intercostal muscles