The Nervous System Flashcards
homeostasis
Maintenance of a fairly constant internal body environment
3 organs of homeostasis
kidney - water balance
liver - regulates sugar
skin - regulates body temperature
2 systems of homeostasis
the nervous and endocrine system
the nervous system
the nervous system is the system that detects changes in the environment and responds appropriately
special cels of the nervous system
nerve cells or neurons
A neuron
a neuron receives and transmits stimulus in form of electrical impulse
Sensitivity
The ability to detect stimulus and respond appropriately
Three types of neurons
Motor, sensory and relay neuron
3 unique structures of neurons
dedrides, cell body(soma) and axon
Dendrides
They are tiny, many, cytoplasmic extensions that transmit electrical impulses towards the cell body
Axon
It is a single, long, cytoplasmic extension that transmits impulses away from the cell body
Mylein sheath
It is an insulator that speeds up the transmission of impulses along the cell body.
Location of receptors
Surface of the skin
Receptors
they are cells or tissues that specialize in detecting stimulus
Effectors(muscles or glands)
They are organs or tissues that bring about a response
