Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P 1 > The Nervous System > Flashcards

The Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Cerebrum

A

largest and most prominent part of the brain that contains 2 hemispheres with 5 lobes. Performs higher mental functions, interprets sensory stimuli, plans and initiates movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

5 lobes

A

frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, insula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

grey matter

A

neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelineated axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

white matter

A

myelineated axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

gyri

A

elevated ridges on the convolutions of the surface of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

gyri

A

elevated ridges on the convolutions of the surface of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sulci (sulcus)

A

shallow grooves on the surface of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

longitudinal fissure

A

deep groove along the mid sagittal plane of the brain and separates R and L hemispheres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

controls voluntary skeletal muscles, intellect, decision making, personality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

general sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

hearing and smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

Vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Insula

A

memory, taste, and integration of the activities of the other cerebral lobes. Located deep within the cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Corpus callosum

A

large, comma shaped, tract that connects the L and R Hemispheres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

fornix

A

C shaped bundle of fibers that function in olfaction and as a component of the limbic system (learning, behavior, memory, emotion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Diencephalon

A

processes, integrates, and relays information
maintains homeostasis
regulates biological rhythms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

cerebellum

A

monitors and coordinates movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Brainstem

A

maintains homeostasis
controls reflexes
monitors movement
integrates and relays information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

thin layer of gray matter contains: Sensory areas, motor areas, association areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Primary motor cortex

A

located in pre-central gyrus of the frontal lobe and controls voluntary movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Frontal eye fields

A

superiorly located to Broca’s area and control the voluntary movements of eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

premotor cortex

A

anterior to the pre-central gyrus in the frontal lobe involves planning movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cerebral white matter

A

myelinated nerve fibers that transmit impulses between the cerebral cortex and the lower brain areas. 2nd region of the cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

basal nuclei

A

clusters of gray matter embedded deep within cerebral white matter. 3rd region of the cerebrum. involved in regularing voluntary motor impulses

25
Q

Thalmus

A

located within the diencephalon, egg shaped region that consists of 2 lobes connected by an intermediate mass. FUnctions as a sensory relay station for all senses except smell and sends them to the appropriate area of the cerebral cortex to be interpreted.

26
Q

hypothalmus

A

major homeostatic organ that regulates physiologic events, like hunger, thirst, body temp and blood pressure, extends from the optic chiasma. Deep to the fornix.

27
Q

Pituitary gland

A

hangs from the infundibulum of the hypothalamus. An endocrine organ that secretes hormones

28
Q

Epithalmus

A

superior to the thalamus, contains choroid plexus which creates CSF.

29
Q

Pineal Gland

A

neuro endocrine organ that releases melatonin, a hormone that regulates the sleep/wake cycle.

30
Q

optic chiasma

A

point at which the optic nerves cross over to the pea shaped mamillary bodies that serve as relay stations for the olfactory pathways

31
Q

Brainstem

A

located inferior to the diecephalon, consists of the midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata.

32
Q

Midbrain

A

superior portion of brainstem. Dorsal surface contains are 4 pea shaped nuclei called corpora quadragemina.

33
Q

Corpora Quadrigemina

A

4 nuclei on the midbrain: 2 superior colliculi function as visual reflex centers, and 2 inferior colliculi function as auditory reflex centers

34
Q

Pons

A

means bridge. links the cerebellum with the brainstem, diencephalon, cerebrum, and spinal cords.

35
Q

Medulla Oblongata

A

most inferior region of the brain and is connected with the spinal cord. All communication tracts go thru here.

36
Q

Cerebellum

A

“little brain” loated posterior to the brainstem and inferior to the occipital lobe of the cerebrum. divided into L and R and the Vermis connects the two hemispheres. Coordinates balance and posture and skeletal muscle activity.

37
Q

Arbor Vitae

A

branching tree like pattern of white matter in the cerebellum

38
Q

Meninges

A

3 connective tissue wrappings that surround the brain and spinal cord. Duramater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater

39
Q

Dura Mater

A

outermost and toughest layer of Meninges

40
Q

arachnoid mater

A

middle of the meninges, forms a lose brain covering, has villi that protrude through the Dura mater providing a pathway for CSF to return to the blood stream.

41
Q

Pia Mater

A

innermost layer of meninges. very delicate, richly vascular connective tissues, that clings tightly to the brain surface following its every convolution.

42
Q

Olfactory Cranial Nerve

A

Cranial Nerve I: smell

43
Q

Optic Cranial Nerve

A

Cranial Nerve II: vision

44
Q

Occulomotor

A

Cranial Nerve III: Eye muscles

45
Q

Trochlear

A

Cranial Nerve IV: superior oblique extrinsic eye muscle

46
Q

Trigeminal

A

Cranial Nerve V: sensory from scalp, nasal cavity, face and mouth. Mastication muscles

47
Q

Abducens

A

Cranial Nerve VI: lateral rectus extrinsic eye muscle

48
Q

facial

A

Cranial Serve VII: facial, taste of 2/3 of tongue. muscles of facial expression, salivary glands, tear ducts

49
Q

vestibulocochlear

A

cranial Nerve VIII: hearing and equilibrium

50
Q

glossopharyngeal

A

Cranial Nerve IX: sensory and tase from posterior 1/3 of tongue. paryngeal muscle, paratoid salivary gland

51
Q

vagus

A

Cranial Nerve X: visceral sensory organs from heart and abdomen, pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles, innervates smooth muscle of abdominal organs, heart, and GI Tract.

52
Q

accessory

A

Cranial Nerve XI: trap and sternocleidomastoid muscle

53
Q

hypoglossal

A

Cranial Nerve XII: intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles.

54
Q

epithalamus

A

covers the 3rd ventricle and houses the pineal gland

55
Q

pineal gland

A

endocrine gland that produces melatonin and regulates circadian rhythms

56
Q

thalamus

A

paired oval masses of gray matter. Intermediate mass separates the two halves. sensory input relay station

57
Q

hypothalamus

A

endocrine president. Hunger, thirst, sleep-wake, emotional behavior

58
Q

mamillary bodies

A

directions sensations related to olfaction

A&P 1 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions