Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

A&P 1 > The Nervous System > Flashcards

The Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Cerebrum

A

largest and most prominent part of the brain that contains 2 hemispheres with 5 lobes. Performs higher mental functions, interprets sensory stimuli, plans and initiates movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

5 lobes

A

frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, insula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

grey matter

A

neuron cell bodies, dendrites, and unmyelineated axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

white matter

A

myelineated axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

gyri

A

elevated ridges on the convolutions of the surface of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

gyri

A

elevated ridges on the convolutions of the surface of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

sulci (sulcus)

A

shallow grooves on the surface of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

longitudinal fissure

A

deep groove along the mid sagittal plane of the brain and separates R and L hemispheres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

controls voluntary skeletal muscles, intellect, decision making, personality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

general sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

hearing and smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

Vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Insula

A

memory, taste, and integration of the activities of the other cerebral lobes. Located deep within the cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Corpus callosum

A

large, comma shaped, tract that connects the L and R Hemispheres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

fornix

A

C shaped bundle of fibers that function in olfaction and as a component of the limbic system (learning, behavior, memory, emotion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Diencephalon

A

processes, integrates, and relays information
maintains homeostasis
regulates biological rhythms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

cerebellum

A

monitors and coordinates movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Brainstem

A

maintains homeostasis
controls reflexes
monitors movement
integrates and relays information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

thin layer of gray matter contains: Sensory areas, motor areas, association areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Primary motor cortex

A

located in pre-central gyrus of the frontal lobe and controls voluntary movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Frontal eye fields

A

superiorly located to Broca’s area and control the voluntary movements of eyes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

premotor cortex

A

anterior to the pre-central gyrus in the frontal lobe involves planning movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cerebral white matter

A

myelinated nerve fibers that transmit impulses between the cerebral cortex and the lower brain areas. 2nd region of the cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

basal nuclei

A

clusters of gray matter embedded deep within cerebral white matter. 3rd region of the cerebrum. involved in regularing voluntary motor impulses

25
Thalmus
located within the diencephalon, egg shaped region that consists of 2 lobes connected by an intermediate mass. FUnctions as a sensory relay station for all senses except smell and sends them to the appropriate area of the cerebral cortex to be interpreted.
26
hypothalmus
major homeostatic organ that regulates physiologic events, like hunger, thirst, body temp and blood pressure, extends from the optic chiasma. Deep to the fornix.
27
Pituitary gland
hangs from the infundibulum of the hypothalamus. An endocrine organ that secretes hormones
28
Epithalmus
superior to the thalamus, contains choroid plexus which creates CSF.
29
Pineal Gland
neuro endocrine organ that releases melatonin, a hormone that regulates the sleep/wake cycle.
30
optic chiasma
point at which the optic nerves cross over to the pea shaped mamillary bodies that serve as relay stations for the olfactory pathways
31
Brainstem
located inferior to the diecephalon, consists of the midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata.
32
Midbrain
superior portion of brainstem. Dorsal surface contains are 4 pea shaped nuclei called corpora quadragemina.
33
Corpora Quadrigemina
4 nuclei on the midbrain: 2 superior colliculi function as visual reflex centers, and 2 inferior colliculi function as auditory reflex centers
34
Pons
means bridge. links the cerebellum with the brainstem, diencephalon, cerebrum, and spinal cords.
35
Medulla Oblongata
most inferior region of the brain and is connected with the spinal cord. All communication tracts go thru here.
36
Cerebellum
"little brain" loated posterior to the brainstem and inferior to the occipital lobe of the cerebrum. divided into L and R and the Vermis connects the two hemispheres. Coordinates balance and posture and skeletal muscle activity.
37
Arbor Vitae
branching tree like pattern of white matter in the cerebellum
38
Meninges
3 connective tissue wrappings that surround the brain and spinal cord. Duramater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater
39
Dura Mater
outermost and toughest layer of Meninges
40
arachnoid mater
middle of the meninges, forms a lose brain covering, has villi that protrude through the Dura mater providing a pathway for CSF to return to the blood stream.
41
Pia Mater
innermost layer of meninges. very delicate, richly vascular connective tissues, that clings tightly to the brain surface following its every convolution.
42
Olfactory Cranial Nerve
Cranial Nerve I: smell
43
Optic Cranial Nerve
Cranial Nerve II: vision
44
Occulomotor
Cranial Nerve III: Eye muscles
45
Trochlear
Cranial Nerve IV: superior oblique extrinsic eye muscle
46
Trigeminal
Cranial Nerve V: sensory from scalp, nasal cavity, face and mouth. Mastication muscles
47
Abducens
Cranial Nerve VI: lateral rectus extrinsic eye muscle
48
facial
Cranial Serve VII: facial, taste of 2/3 of tongue. muscles of facial expression, salivary glands, tear ducts
49
vestibulocochlear
cranial Nerve VIII: hearing and equilibrium
50
glossopharyngeal
Cranial Nerve IX: sensory and tase from posterior 1/3 of tongue. paryngeal muscle, paratoid salivary gland
51
vagus
Cranial Nerve X: visceral sensory organs from heart and abdomen, pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles, innervates smooth muscle of abdominal organs, heart, and GI Tract.
52
accessory
Cranial Nerve XI: trap and sternocleidomastoid muscle
53
hypoglossal
Cranial Nerve XII: intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles.
54
epithalamus
covers the 3rd ventricle and houses the pineal gland
55
pineal gland
endocrine gland that produces melatonin and regulates circadian rhythms
56
thalamus
paired oval masses of gray matter. Intermediate mass separates the two halves. sensory input relay station
57
hypothalamus
endocrine president. Hunger, thirst, sleep-wake, emotional behavior
58
mamillary bodies
directions sensations related to olfaction

A&P 1 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions