The Nervous System

Question 1

Neurons

Answer 1

cells of the nervous system

Question 2

The Nervous System

Answer 2

network of neurons which carries information to and from the CNS
Takes in sensory information and sends it to the CNS to be processes so a response is generated

Question 3

CNS
Brain
Spinal cord

Answer 3

Responsible for all life’s function and consist of the brain and spinal cord
Maintains life, interprets sensory information
Receive information to and from the brain to the PNS

Question 4

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 4

Made up of 31 spinal nerves. Responsible for sending info from the CNS to the body
Autonomic- Sustains bodily functions. Transmit info from CNS to internal organs
Somatic- Receives sensory info and transmit to skeletal muscles

Question 5

Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 5

Important role in homeostasis
Regulates internal environment e.g. body temperature
Sympathetic - Increase bodily temperature
Parasympathetic- Maintains bodily temperature, decrease bodily temperature after being increased by SNS

Question 6

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 6

Sensory pathways- info from sensory receptors of the body transmitted by sensory neurons to the CNS to be processed
Motor pathways- Info from the CNS transmitted by motor neurons in the spinal nerves to the skeletal muscles

Question 7

Structure of Neurons

Answer 7

Sensory-unipolar, cell body located in the middle of neuron, long dendrites, short axons
Motor- multipolar, cell body located at one end of the neuron, short dendrites, long axons
Relay- multipolar, cell body located in the middle of the neuron, short dendrites, short axons

Question 8

Functions on Neurons

Answer 8

Sensory- Moves info from sensory receptors to CNS
Relay- Moves info from sensory neurons to motor neurons
Motor- Moves info from CNS to muscle

Question 9

Synaptic Transmission

Answer 9

A-Action potential- travels along axon of the presynaptic neuron to the axon terminal
VERY- Vessicles- Presynaptic neurons releases neurotransmitters from vessicles
NAUGHTY- Neurotransmitters- diffuse across the synaptic cleft
SQUIRREL- Synapse- diffuse across the synaptic cleft
RUMMAGES- Receptors sites- Neurotransmitters bind to receptor sites on postsynaptic neuron
RUBBISH- Reuptake- Neurotransmitters broken down by enzymes or reabsorbed back into presynaptic neuron

Question 10

Excitation and Inhibition and Summation

Answer 10

Excitatory- Allow more positively charge ion inside the postsynaptic neuron. More likely that action potential will occur leading to depolarisation. Increase neural activities
Inhibitory- Allow more negatively charged ion inside the postsynaptic neuron. Less likely that action potential will occur leading to hyperpolarisation. Decrease in neural activities
Summation- Net calculation of these two types of potential