The Nervous System

Question 1

Study of neurological disorders and diseases and their diagnosis and treatment

Answer 1

NEUROLOGY

Question 2

branch of neurology concerned with the study of structures of the nervous system

Answer 2

Neuroanatomy

Question 3

Branch of neurology concerned with teh study of the function of the nervous system

Answer 3

NEUROPHYSIOLOGY

Question 4

Types of cells in CNS

Answer 4

• Glial cells (neuroglia)
  
  • astrocytes
  • Oligodendroglia
  • ependymal cells
  • microglia

Question 5

The glia cells of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are called

Answer 5

SCHWANN CELLS AND SATELLITE CELLS

Question 6

The neurglia (glia) cells transmit nerve impulses

T or F

Answer 6

FALSE

Glia cells do NOT transmit nerve impulses; they mainly support and protect the nerve cells

Question 7

The most important type of nerve cells that receives, processes and transmits information to other same type of cell

Answer 7

NEURONS

Question 8

TWO PARTS OF THE NEURON (NERVE CELL)

Answer 8

1. Nerve fibers
2. Soma or cell body (contains the nucleus)

Question 9

The core of the cell body is called the _________.

Answer 9

NUCLEUS

Question 10

Projections of the cell body that specialize in receiving and conducting stimuli

Answer 10

AXONS AND DENDRITES

Question 11

short fibers that extend from the cell body that receive neural impulses generated from the axons of other cells and transmit those impulses to the cell body.

Answer 11

DENDRITES

Question 12

A single neuron can have a multitude of _______, which branch out to form a _______ ______.

Answer 12

DENDRITES; DENDRITIC TREE

Question 13

Each cell has a single ____ which is wrapped in a _____ ____

Answer 13

AXON; MYELIN SHEATH

Question 14

Part of axons that contain neurotransmitters and makes close contact with or touches the dendrite of another neuron

Answer 14

TERMINAL/END BUTTON

Question 15

Axons send ______ impulses generated within the neuron; these impulses are sent _____ from the cell body to other neurons

Answer 15

OUT; AWAY

Question 16

white insulating sheath that surrounds axons

Answer 16

MYELIN

• Made of Schwann cells in the PNS

and Oligodendroglia in the CNS

• breaks at the junction between cells facilitate impulse transfer

Question 17

Parts of the Nervous System

Answer 17

1. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
2. AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
3. CENTERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Question 18

Neurons communicate with each other through junctions called _______

Answer 18

SYNAPSES

Question 19

A synapse consists of:

Answer 19

• terminal button of one neuron
• the receptive site another neuron
• synaptic cleft or space between the terminal and receptive site

Question 20

the chemical process of information exchange at the level of the synapse

Answer 20

NEURAL TRANSMISSION

Question 21

chemical contained within the terminal buttons that helps make contact between two cells by diffusing itself across the synaptic space

Answer 21

NEUROTRANSMITTER

Question 22

Neurotransmitters cause the ______ and ________ of the next neuron

Answer 22

INHIBITION & EXCITATION

Question 23

Two important neurotransmitters in the motor system

Answer 23

DOPAMINE & ACETYLCHOLINE

Question 24

3 basic types of neurons

Answer 24

MOTOR NEURONS

SENSORY NEURONS

INTERNEURONS

Question 25

Neurons that carry sensory impulses from the peripheral sense organs toward the brain

• also called afferent neurons

Answer 25

SENSORY NEURONS

Question 26

Neurons that transmit impulses away from the CNS

• causes glandular secretions or muscle contractions (movement)
• also called efferent neurons

Answer 26

MOTOR NEURONS

Question 27

the most common type of neuron in the nervous system

• links neurons with other neurons
• plays an important role in controlling movement

Answer 27

INTERNEURONS