Respiration: Structures & Processes Flashcards
Provides the necessary air supply to produce speech
Respiration
The lungs, bronchi, trachea, spinal column, sternum and rib cage makes ____ possible
Respiration
Respiration involves rhythmic cycles of
inhalation (inspiration) and exhalation (inspiration)
____ brings oxygen to the blood by drawing air into the lungs where an exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place
Inhalation
___ helps get rid of mixed air and gases that result from respiratory metabolism
Exhalation
What part of the brainstem fires impulses to the respiratory muscles when an excessive amount of carbon dioxide in the blood cells creates a need for oxygen?
Medulla Oblongata
The exchange of gas between an organism and its environment
Respiration
Provides the air supply needed to set teh vocal folds into vibration for speech.
Respiration
Speech is typically produced on
- Inhalation
- Exhalation
Exhalation
- Expiration is about 60% of normal tidal breathing cycle and inspiration is remaining 40% but ratio changes to 90% and 10% when breathing for speech.
Thus, longer and louder utterances may require deeper inhalations than usual (i.e. Singers)
Alveolar pressure is
- Outside of the lungs
- Within the lungs
WITHIN THE LUNGS
As the lungs expand for inhalation, alveolar pressure compared to atmospheric pressure (outside the lungs) is reduced.
Air moves through open laryngeal valve into lungs equalizing the pressure inside and outside the lungs.
Basic energy sourch for speech
Respiration (inhalation & expriration)
Basic process of inhalation
Inhalation
> chest and lungs expand
>diaphragm lowers
> air flows in through the nose and mouth
> air goes down the pharynx and between the open vocal folds
> air continues downward through the trachea and bronchial tubes
> air reaches final destination of the lungs
Exchage of gas in respiration is accomplished in the
_______.
LUNGS
- healthy lungs are soft, spongy, porous, eslastic and pink
- they have a rich vascular supply and numerous air sacs
At rest the lungs are fully inflated
True or False
FALSE!!
They are particually inflated to about 40% of their total capacity
The lungs are located in the abdominal cavity
T or F?
False
They are located in the Thoracic Cavity and take up most of the cavity’s space
Which lung is shorter, broader, bigger and has three lobes?
The Right Lung
- it is shorter broader and bigger because teh liver underneath forces it into a slightly upward direction.
- It has three lobes
Why is the left lung smaller?
Because the heart takes up some of the space
Which side of the lung has two lobes?
Left
___ are tubes that extend from the lungs upward to the trachea. They are composed ot cartilaginous rings bound together by fibroelastic tissue
Bronchi
The bronchi subdivide into ______ forming the _______ _____
bronchioles; bronchial tree
The bronchioles repeatedly divide until they become very thin. They communicate with the ____ ____ that open into tiny airsacs in the lungs
Alveolar ducts
The trachea is about ____ cm long, and formed by approximately ____ rings of cartilage
11 cm; 20 rings
The rings of cartilage are completed in the back where the trachea comes in direct contact with the esophagus
T or F
False;
The rings are incomplete where the trachea comes in direct contact with the esophagus.
Which tracheal cartilage is larger than the rest and connects to the inferior, or bottom border of the cricoid cartilage
The first tracheal cartilage
