The Neck Flashcards
In the neck, a horizontal section can be described as having four compartments. List these and their contents.
- vertebral compartment: cervical vertebrae and postural muscles (prevertebral and postvertebral muscles).
- vascular compartments: contain major blood vessels and the vagus nerve.
- visceral compartment: contains thyroid, parathyroid glands, pharynx, larynx, trachea and oesophagus.
- these are enclosed by an outer musculofascial collar.
label the compartments of the neck
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how many cervical vertrebrae are there?
C1-7
what kind of joint is pesent between C1 and C2 at the odontoid peg?
pivot synovial joint (atlantoaxial joint)
what structures pass through the transverse foramen of cervical vertebrae?
vertebral artery and vein
plexus of sympathetic nerves
what is the vertebrae prominens?
longest spinous process of all cervical vertebrae (C7)
what is the special feature of spines of the cervical vertebrae?
- short and bifid.
what curvature exists in the cervical portion of the vertebral column?
cervical lordosis
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what are the boundaries of the anterior triangle of the neck?
- superiorly: inferior border of mandible.
- medially: median line of neck.
- laterally: anterior border of sternocleidomastoid.
what is the contents of the anterior triangle of the neck?
- supra and infrahyoid muscles.
- common carotid artery bifurcation.
- cranial nerves (VII, IX, X, XI, XII).
what are the contents of the posterior triangle of the neck?
- omohyoid muscle.
- vertebral muscles.
- external jugular vein.
- phrenic nerve.
- cranial nerve XI.
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what are the attachments of the SCM?
attaches to sternum and clavicle and mastoid process of temporal bone.
what is the action of the trapezius muscle?
stabilisation and movement of scapula
which cranial nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius?
accessory nerve (CN XI) found in posterior triangle
what are the boundaries of the submental triangle?
inferiorly - hyoid bone
medially - midline of neck
laterally - anterior belly of digastric muscle
which lymph nodes are found in the submental triangle of the neck?
submental lymph nodes
what are the boundaries of the submandibular/digastric triangle?
superiorly - body of mandible
anteriorly - anterior belly of the digastric muscle
posteriorly - posterior belly of the digastric muscle
which artery and salviary gland are found in the submandibular/digastric triangle?
facial artery and submandibular gland
what are the boundaries of the carotid triangle of the neck?
superior - posterior belly of digastric muscle
lateral - medial border of SCM
inferior - superior belly of omohyoid muscle
what are the boundaries of the muscular triangle of the neck?
Del
what do the rami emerging from between the scalene muscles that form the floor of the posterior triangle collectively form?
C3-5 forming the phrenic nerve