Lymphatics of the Head and Neck

Question 1

describe the anatomical position of the deep cervical lymph nodes

Answer 1

• a group of lymph nodes which are found as a linked chain of nodes around the internal jugular vein, and within the fascia of the carotid sheath.
• the chain of lymph nodes extend from the base of the skull to the root of the neck at the thoracic inlet.

Question 2

at the inferior end of the deep cervical chain of lymph nodes, the efferent lymphatic vessels join together to form what on each side?

Answer 2

jugular lymph trunk

Question 3

what do efferent lymphatics from the right jugular lymph trunk drain into?

Answer 3

right lymphatic ducts and empties into the right subclavian vein

Question 3

what do efferent lymphatics from the left jugular lymph trunk drain into?

Answer 3

thoracic duct and empties into the left subclavian vein

Question 4

give the location of the parotid nodes and where they drain lymph from

Answer 4

• on or in parotid gland.
• drain lymph from scalp around parotid gland, lateral parts of the eyelids, and middle ear.

Question 5

give the location of the buccal (facial) nodes and where they drain lymph from

Answer 5

• over buccinator muscle
• drains cheek region

Question 6

give the location of the submental nodes and where they drain lymph from

Answer 6

• anteriorly just under mandible.
• drain anterior tongue tip, central part of the floor of the mouth, chin, central lower lip.

Question 7

give the location of the submandibular nodes and where they drain lymph from

Answer 7

• below lower border of body of mandible
• front of scalp, lateral nose, upper lip, lateral lower lip, air sinuses, teeth, gums, anterior tongue and efferent lymphatics from submental nodes.

Question 8

give the location of the mastoid nodes and where they drain lymph from

Answer 8

• overlie mastoid process
• drain middle region of scalp and external auditory meatus

Question 9

give the location of the occipital nodes and where they drain lymph from

Answer 9

• overlie occipital process
• drain back of the scalp

Question 10

give the location of the anterior cervical nodes and where they drain lymph from

Answer 10

• lie along anterior jugular veins
• drain superficial structures of anterior neck

Question 11

give the location of the superficial cervical nodes and where they drain lymph from

Answer 11

• lie along external jugular vein
• drain parotid nodes, angle of mandible, structures that lie at the junction between the neck, face and scalp.

Question 12

give the location of the retropharyngeal lymph nodes and where they drain lymph from

Answer 12

• lie between the pharynx and the vertebral bodies
• drain nasopharynx, auditory tube, and the upper cervical vertebral column

Question 13

give the location of the laryngeal lymph nodes and where they drain lymph from

Answer 13

• lie around the cricothyroid ligament
• drain larynx and adjacent structures

Question 14

give the location of the tracheal nodes and where they drain lymph from

Answer 14

• around trachea
• drain trachea and thryoid gland

Question 15

which lymph node lies at the junction of the internal jugular and common facial veins?

Answer 15

jugulodigastric or tonsillar > commonest swelling to be encountered in the neck

Question 16

give the location of Virchow’s node and where it drains lymph from

Answer 16

• left supraclavicular region
• recieves lymph from the abdominal cavity

Question 17

label thee lymph node groups in the head and neck

Answer 17