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Head and Neck Anatomy > Floor of the Skull > Flashcards

Floor of the Skull Flashcards

1
Q

which bone forms the posterior boundary of the anterior cranial fossa?

A

sphenoid bone

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2
Q

which bone forms the anterior boundary of the middle cranial fossa?

A
  • sphenoid bone
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3
Q

which bones form the floor of the middle cranial fossa

A
  • body and greater wing of sphenoid
  • temporal bone (squamous and petrous parts)
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4
Q

which bone forms the posterior border of the middle cranial fossa?

A

temporal bone

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5
Q

which four bones come together at the pterion?

A

temporal
parietal
frontal
sphenoid

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6
Q

which bone forms the anterior and which the posterior border of the posterior cranial fossa?

A
  • anterior > sphenoid bone
  • posterior > occipital bone
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7
Q

what structures pass through the small foramina of the skull?

A

blood vessels and arteries

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8
Q

which structure(s) pass through the foramina of the cribiform plate?

A

olfactory nerve CN I

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9
Q

which structure(s) pass through the optic foramen?

A

optic nerve and opthalamic artery

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10
Q

which structures pass through the superior orbital fissure?

A

oculomotor, trochlear, opthalamic and abducens nerves

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11
Q

which structure(s) pass through the foramen rotundum?

A

maxillary nerve CN V2

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12
Q

which structure(s) pass through the foramen ovale?

A

mandibular nerve CNV3

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13
Q

which structures pass through the foramen spinosum?

A

middle meningeal artery, vein and meningeal branch of mandibular nerve CN V3

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14
Q

which structures pass through the foramen lacerum?

A

emissary veins and greater petrosal nerve

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15
Q

which structures pass through the carotid canal?

A

ICA and sympathetic nerve plexus

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16
Q

which structures pass through the internal acoustic foramen?

A

facial nerve and vestibulocochlear nerve

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17
Q

which structures pass through the jugular foramen?

A

glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerves and internal jugular vein

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18
Q

which structure(s) pass through the hypoglossal foramen?

A

hypoglossal nerve

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19
Q

which structures pass through the foramen magnum?

A

medulla, meninges, vertebral arteries, spinal arteries, dural veins, spinal division of accessory nerve

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20
Q

what is number 2 and what structure(s) pass through

A
  • cribiform foramen
  • olfactory nerve CN I
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21
Q

what is 3 and what structures pass through?

A
  • optic canal/foramen
  • optic nerve and opthalamic artery
22
Q

what is 4 and what structure passes through?

A

foramen rotundum
- maxillary division of trigeminal nerve CNV2.

23
Q

what is 5 and what structures pass through this?

A
  • foramen spinosum
  • middle meningeal artery and vein, meningeal branch of CN V3.
24
Q

what is 6 and which structures pass through?

A
  • superior orbital fissure
  • oculomotor, trochlear, abducens opthalamic (V1) nerves and the opthalamic vein.
25
what is 7 and what structure passes through?
- foramen ovale - transmits mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve CNV3.
26
what is 8 and which structures pass through?
- internal acoustic meatus - vestibulocochlear and facial nerves
27
what is 9 and which structures pass through?
- jugular foramen - glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory nerves and internal jugular vein.
28
what is 10 and what structures pass through (the biggest foramen)?
- foramen magnum - medulla, meninges, vertebral arteries, spinal arteries, spinal branch of accessory nerve.
29
what is 11 and which structure passes through this?
hypoglossal canal - transmits the hypoglossal nerve
30
what is 18 and which structures pass through?
infraorbital foramen - infraoribital nerve and vessels
31
what is 7 and which structures pass through?
- foramen ovale - transmits mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve CNV3.
32
what is 5 and which structures pass through?
- foramen spinosum - middle meningeal artery and vein, meningeal branch of CN V3.
33
this groove, just lateral to the foramen spinosum is formed by what artery and its branches?
middle meningeal artery which divides into anterior and posterior branches
34
identify the artery, and which part of the skull does it cross?
- middle meningeal artery - crosses the pterion
35
which cranial haemorrhage is classically biconves, lens-shaped?
extradural haemorrhage
36
what anatomical factor prevents the collected blood from an extradural haemorrhage from spreading over a wider area, restricting it to this lens-shaped area?
- dura mater (it is strongly adhered to the skull in the region of the sustures). - haemorrhage cannot transverse the sutures.
37
what is this area called?
internal occipital protuberance
38
what structure creates these grooves?
transverse sinus
39
into which foramen does the groove for the sigmoid sinus lead?
jugular foramen
40
which structure forms the groove shown by the blue line?
sagittal sinus
41
what is the sella turcica?
a deep depression in the midline in the middle cranial fossa which houses the pituitary gland.
42
in the body of which cranial bone is the sella turcica found?
sphenoid bone
43
the naterior and posterior clinoid processes on either side of the sella turcica give attachment to which fold of dura mater?
tentorium cerebelli
44
on either side of the sella turcica is a groove for the?
cavernous sinus (intracranial sinus)
45
which foramen lies immediately anterior to the groove for the cavernous sinus?
superior orbital fissure
46
which structures travel through the cavernous sinus?
- abducens nerve - carotid plexus (post-ganglionic sympathetic nerve fibres) - internal carotid artery (cavernous portion)
47
48
which bone are the pterygoid plates a part of?
sphenoid bone
49
names the muscle(s) that attach to the medial and lateral pterygoid plates?
medial > no muscle lateral > medial and lateral pterygoid muscles
50
what type of ossification occurs in flat bones of the vault of the skull?
intramembranous ossification
51
which type of ossification occurs in irregular bones of the base of the skull?
endochondral ossification
52
at what ages do the anterior and posterior fontanelles close?
anterior > 12-18 months posterior > 1-3 months

Head and Neck Anatomy (24 decks)

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