The Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
What is the sagittal plane
Divides the body into right and left halves
What is the frontal plane
Divides the body into front and back halves
What is the transverse plane
Divides the body into upper and lower halves
What is the transverse axis
Transverse axis that runs from side to side across the body
What is the sagittal axis
Sagittal axis which runs from front to back
What is the longitudinal axis
Longitudinal axis that runs from top to bottom
What is flexion
Decreases the angle between the bones of a joint
What is extension
Increasing the angle between the bones of a joint
What is plantar flexion
Pointing the toes / pushing up onto your toes
What is dorsi flexion
Pulling the toes up to the shin
What is hyper extension
Increasing the angle beyond 180 degrees of a point
What is abduction
Movement away from the midline of the body
What is adduction
Movement towards the midline of the body
What is an agonist
The muscle which is responsible for the movement that is occurring
What is the antagonist
The muscle which works in opposite to the agonist (to help produce co-ordinated movement)
What are the two types of isotonic contraction
Concentric contraction
Eccentric contraction
What is concentric contraction
When a muscle shortens under tension
What is eccentric contraction
This is when the muscle lengthens under tension. When a muscle contracts eccentrically its acting as a break to help control the movement of the body
What is Isometric contraction
When a muscle is under tension but there is no visible movement such as holding the crucifix position as a gymnast
What type of movement occurs in the sagital plane about a transverse axis ?
Flexion, extension, plantar-flexion, dorsi-flexion and hyper extension
Fast Effective Pressure Denies Harry Some Time
What movement occurs on the frontal Plane about a sagittal axis ?
Abduction and adduction
What movement occurs on the transverse plane about the longitudinal axis ?
Horizontal abduction and horizontal adduction
What is horizontal adduction ?
Horizontal adduction is movement of the arm forward across the body at 90 degrees to shoulder abduction
What is horizontal abduction ?
Horizontal abduction is movement of the arm backwards across the body to shoulder abduction
