The Muscular System Flashcards
Tendons
Strong connective tissue formed primarily of collagen
Attach muscles to bones
Skeletal muscle
Role is to contract in response to conscious intent
Cardiac muscle
Found only in the wall of the heart
Innervated by autonomic nervous system
Smooth muscle
Found in the walls of all hollow organs - GI tract, the urinary system, uterus
Responsible for GI motility, constriction of blood vessels, uterine contractions
Innervated by autonomic nervous system
Origin
Point where the muscle attaches
Insertion
Point where the muscle attaches on the bone marrow distant from the center of the body
Antagonistic
Muscles that are responsible for movement in opposite directions
Synergistic
Muscles that move a joint in the same direction
Myofibrils
It is responsible for the striated appearance of the skeletal muscle and generates the contractile force of skeletal muscle
Tropomyosin
A long fibrous protein that winds around the actin polymer, blocking all the myosin binding sites
Troponin
A globular protein bound to the tropomyosin that can bind Ca2+
Neuromuscular junction
The synapse between an axon terminus and a myofiber
A long trough or invagination of the cell membrane
Ach is the neurotransmitter
Transverse tubules
Allow the action potential to travel into the thick cell
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Sequester and release calcium
Contains voltage-gates calcium channels - allow calcium to rush out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the sarcoplasm upon depolarization
Motor unit
A group of myofibers innervated by the branches of a single motor neuron’s axon
