The multi-store model of memory Flashcards
Who proposed the multi-store model of memory?
Atkinson & Shiffrin
What is the MSM a representation of?
how information flows through the memory system in terms of three stores; sensory register, STM & LTM
Explain how information flows in the MSM
What is the role of the sensory register?
-stimuli from environment passes into the sensory register
-there are memory stores for each of our five senses (coding in each store is modality specific)
What is the store coding for visual information and acoustic?
iconic memory=visual
echoic memory=acoustic
What is the duration and capacity of the SR’s?
duration = less 0.5 seconds
capacity=large
outline capacity, duration and coding of STM
coding=acoustically
duration=up to 18 secs
capacity =limited (7+-2 items)
What is maintenance rehearsal?
repeating material to ourselves over and over again to keep information in our STM’s
outline capacity, coding, duration of the LTM
capacity=unlimited
coding=semantically
duration=lifetime
How can information be permanent in LTM?
through prolonged rehearsal
How can we recall information from LTM to STM?
process called retrieval
How does Baddeley’s study support that the STM & LTM are different stores?
Baddeley found we mix up words that sound similar when using our STMs but mix up words with similar meanings when we use our LTMs
show how STM and LTM are separate
How does Shallice & Warrington study refute MSM?
studies patient KF who had amnesia
-KF STM for digits was poor when read out loud to him, but recall better when he read the digits to himself
.> suggest STM is not a unitary store
Why is the MSM wrong that prolonged rehearsal is need from transfer to the LTM?
-According to MSM what matters about rehearsal is the amount of it
-Craik & Watkinson say elaborative rehearsal is needed for LTM storage (linking information to your existing knowledge)
-does not fully explain how LTM storage is achieved
