The Modern World Flashcards
1
Q
The Scientific Revolution (date)
A
c.1550 - 1700
2
Q
Spanish Armada defeated around British Isles
A
1588
3
Q
The English Civil War (date)
A
1642-1649
4
Q
Rule of Louis XIV
A
1643 - 1715
5
Q
France’s “Sun King”
A
Louis XIV
6
Q
The Glorious Revolution (date)
A
1688-1689
7
Q
Monarchs of the Glorious Revolution
A
William and Mary
8
Q
The Enlightenment Period
A
c.1700 - 1800
9
Q
Another name for the Enlightenment period
A
The Age of Reason
10
Q
The “Heart” of the Great Awakening (date)
A
c.1730s - 1740s
11
Q
The “Heart” of the Great Awakening (people)
A
Era of Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield
12
Q
The Seven Years’ War (date)
A
1756 - 1763
13
Q
Where the seven years’ war was fought
A
North America, Europe, and India
14
Q
Another name for the seven years’ war
A
The French Indian War; the French battled Britain for supremacy of North America
15
Q
Beginning of industrial revolution (date)
A
c.1765
16
Q
Beginning of industrial revolution (event)
A
James Watt’s development of the steam engine
17
Q
James Watt makes steam engine
A
c.1765
18
Q
The American Revolution (date)
A
1775 - 1783
19
Q
another name for the cottage industry
A
Domestic system
20
Q
the first and main cottage industry
A
textiles
21
Q
the core of deism
A
“rational” ethics
22
Q
Countries of Great Britain
A
England, Scotland, & Wales
23
Q
The Holy Roman Empire consisted mainly of ___-speaking principalities
A
German
24
Q
True or false: the nobles and regions of the HRE regarded themselves as autonomous
A
True
25
Philosophes
French word for philosophers who became "engaged and agitated"
26
Places in Paris for evening receptions for discussions
Salons
27
Thomas Hobbes
author of Leviathan
argued that people give their power to an absolute authority (the leviathan)
28
countries of the United Kingdom
countries of Great Britain and [Northern] Ireland
29
Polish astronomer to assert a heliocentric universe
Nicolaus Copernicus
30
Russian autocratic czar
Ivan IV, "The Terrible"
31
True or False: Charles never abdicated the Spanish and HRE thrones
False
32
Charles was Charles I of ___ and Charles V of ___
Spain; Holy Roman Empire
33
True or False: Charles' abdication divided the Habsburg Empire
True
34
Zealous Catholic Spanish king
Philip II
35
True or False: There was little religious peace under Elizabeth I's reign
False
36
True or False: Philip II attempted to invade England as a sort of holy crusade against England's "heretical" (and thus "illegitimate") queen
True
37
True or False: Elizabeth gave a speech at Tilbury and presided over the Armada's defeat
True
38
Granted religious toleration/freedom for Huguenots
Edict of Nantes
39
Netherlands aka
Holland
40
The Low Countries
Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg
41
Elements of the Dutch Republic
The fluyt
A modern republic
A global trading network
A "Golden Age"
42
Locations of the Dutch trading network
The East Indies (Indonesia)
The West Indies (Caribbean)
43
The Thirty Years' War
A series of conflicts largely in Germany over religious, dynastic, and territorial concerns
44
Scientist associated with inductive reasoning
Francis Bacon
[*You eat Bacon indu morning*]
45
Cardinal Richlieu's principle
Raison d'etat ("Reason of State"); suspends any moral violations of state action
46
True or False: England's Charles I never dissolved parliament
False
46
True or False: Charles I attempted to impose Anglican Liturgy on Scotland
True
47
Silenced Galileo
The Inquisition
48
The English Civil War
Fought between Charles I (and his Cavaliers) and Parliament (and their Roundheads)
49
True or False: In the English Civil War, Charles I never acquiesced to allow presbyterianism in England
False
50
Winner of the English Civil War
Oliver Cromwell [part of the Roundheads] and the New Model Army
51
True or False: All European powers competed for control of the Atlantic slave trade
True
52
Ends the Thirty Years' War
The Peace of Westphalia
52
The name for the voyage of slaves across the Atlantic
The "Middle Passage"
53
True or False: After the Peace of Westphalia, German areas were devastated
True
54
The Interregnum
"time between kings"; refers to Cromwell's rule
55
The Restoration
The invitation of Charles II from his French exile back to the English throne
56
Country and monarch to have the most effective system of absolutism
Louis XIV of France
57
absolutism
when all power is concentrated in the hands of the ruler with no limits; he's "responsible to God alone"
58
Mercantilism
an economic system whose goal, through the state regulation of industry and commerce, is to increase national wealth by increasing the amount of precious metals in a country (bullion)
59
True or False: Mercantilism believed that there was not a limit on the amount of world wealth
False
60
True or False: Mercantilism encouraged colonialism
True
61
Louis XIV's palace
Versailles
62
True or False: Louis XIV's absolutism caused "the misery of the 95%"
True
63
Russian czar to build St. Petersburg from scratch, facing west as a "window on the sea"
Peter the Great
64
Isaac Newton's contributions
[Optics]
Physics
Universal gravitation
65
Location of the Glorious Revolution
England
66
True or False: The Glorious Revolution led to the acknowledgement of Parliament's supremacy
True
67
Elements of the Enlightenment
Criticized monarchial/clerical absolutism
Human reason (not revelation) was the best method for learning truth
Rejected God's full sovereignty
68
Philosopher to teach humans were born as a tabula rasa (clean slate)
John Locke
69
Philosopher to advocate a separation of powers
Montesquieu
70
Father of the Enlightenment
Voltaire
71
Philosopher to advocate that state should act according to the general will
Jean Jacques Rousseau
72
General will as defined by Rousseau
that which is best for the community
73
Advocated that value of labour is determined by market forces (supply and demand)
Adam Smith
74
War to establish the balance of power concept
The War of Spanish Succession
75
The guiding principle of modern diplomacy
Balance of power politics
76
British king from the House of Hanover
George I
77
Office that presided over the cabinet in English government[; developed in the absentee-rule of George I with Robert Walpole as the first office-holder]
Prime Minister
78
A Prussian dynasty
Hohenzollern dynasty
79
Europe's most militaristic state; a major European power
Prussia
80
Consequence of the Seven Years' War
Drained the British treasury
81
Legally-defined classes (estates) of 18th century French society
Church (1st Estate)
Nobles (2nd Estate)
Commoners (3rd Estate)
82
Groups of French Commoners
Bourgeoisie
Urban Labourers
Peasants
83
True or False: France had a social system that valued talent more than birth
False; France valued birth over talent, and the bourgeoisie hated this
84
Causes of the French Revolution
Practical Bankruptcy of the State
Inefficient and unjust tax system
Philosophic ideas about the rights of man
