Final Non Comp Flashcards
1
Q
The first and main cottage industry
A
Cottage Industry
2
Q
Deists
A
People who established their own religion with “rational” ethics at its core
3
Q
Places for evening receptions for discussion, mostly found in Paris
A
Salons
4
Q
English monarch who oversaw the defeat of the Spanish Armada
A
Elizabeth I
5
Q
Edict of Nantes
A
Granted religious toleration/freedom for Huguenots
6
Q
Locations of the Dutch global trading network
A
East Indies and West Indies
7
Q
Francis Bacon
A
Scientist associated with inductive reasoning
8
Q
Scientist associated with deductive reasoning
A
Rene Descartes
9
Q
The architect of French Absolutism
A
Cardinal Richelieu
10
Q
The victor in the English Civil War
A
The New Model Army
11
Q
The Middle Passage
A
The voyage across the Atlantic during the Atlantic Slave Trade
12
Q
Charles II
A
King of the Restoration to the English War [after the English Civil War]
13
Q
True or False: The French nobles defeated Mazarin
A
False; it was the other way around
14
Q
Consolidated the power in the French king’s hand at the expense of the nobility
A
Richelieu and Mazarin
15
Q
[French finance minister to] embrace mercantilism
A
Jean Colbert
16
Q
True or False: Mercantilism was opposed to Colonialism
A
False; it encouraged it
17
Q
How mercantilism encouraged colonialism
A
The colony furnishes raw materials for the mother country which then produces finished goods
18
Q
The “Sun” King
A
Louis XIV
19
Q
Versailles
A
Louis XIV’s palace
20
Q
Louis XIV’s errors/mistakes
A
A decline in living standards [due to his absolutism]
Increase in mortality rates (“the misery of the 95%”)
Revocation of the Edict of Nantes
21
Q
Aspects of Isaac Newton’s scientific discoveries
A
In the realms of both Optics and Physics
He also argued for the universe being an open system [wherein God intervenes in creation]
22
Q
Location of the Glorious Revolution
A
England
23
Q
Events of the Glorious Revolution
A
Parliament grants William III and Mary II the crown; in return they acknowledge the supremacy of Parliament
24
Q
True or False: The Enlightenment criticized monarchial and clerical absolutism
A
True
25
Philosopher who believed that at birth the mind is blank, a clean slate ("tabula rasa")
John Locke
26
The Father of the Enlightenment
Voltaire
27
Economist to advocate laissez faire (let do[/let be/leave alone]) whose thoughts represent the essence of capitalism
Adam Smith
28
A conflict that was essentially the first "world war"
The Seven Years' War
29
Locations of the Seven Years' War
North America, Europe, and India
30
True or False: The Seven Years' War filled up the British treasury
False; it drained it
31
Causes of the French Revolution
The practical bankruptcy of the state
An inefficient and unjust tax system
Philosophic ideas about the rights of man
32
His special theory of relativity revolutionized physics
Albert Einstein
33
Slogan of the French Revolution
Liberty, equality, and fraternity
34
Length of the French Revolution
Roughly 10 years
35
Monarchs of the French Revolution
King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette
36
The phases of the French Revolution
Moderate
Radical
Conservative
37
True or False: During the French Revolution a Paris mob stormed the Bastille
True
38
How the Jacobins gained control of the French government during the Revolution
There were two factions in the National Convention, the Jacobins and the Girondins. Since the Jacobins were more willing to listen to the economic and political demands of the sans-cullotes, they staged a coup.
39
British Admiral to defeat Napoleon's French navy
Admiral Nelson
40
True or False: Napoleon's attempt to invade Great Britain was thwarted
True
41
The armies of which countries defeated Napoleon at Waterloo
Britain and Prussia
42
Led the British forces against Napoleon at Waterloo
Duke of Wellington
43
Industrial Revolution
Refers to the shift from an agrarian, manual skill, labor-intensive economy to one now dominated by machine manufacturing
Basically the shift from fields to factories
44
True or False: Industrialization had no effect on urbanization
False; it accelerated it
45
German philosopher to advocate the Dialectic
G.W.F. Hegel
46
True or False: Hegel believed that the Dialectic explained the totality of human experience
True
47
The elements of the Dialectic
Thesis-Antithesis-Synthesis
48
Socialism
Economic system wherein the means of production are owned not by private individuals, but by the community; it's an umbrella term that has many forms
49
True or False: All socialists are communists but not all communists are socialists
False; instead it's that all communists are socialists but not all socialists are communists
50
Published the Communist Manifesto
Karl Marx
51
Called for a working-class revolution to overthrow the capitalist system
The Communist Manifesto
52
What basically forced Japan to accept a treaty [and open 2 ports to US trade]
a display of Western [military (?)] technology
53
Winner of the Franco-Prussian War
Prussia; French forces were decisively defeated
54
During the Age of Western Imperialism, by what year was most of the world under Western control/influence
1914
55
One way in which 19th century Russa was different from Western Europe
It lacked a warm water port to the Mediterranean for trade and cultural exchange
56
Anti-Western uprising in China
Boxer Rebellion
57
True or False: Great Britain was/is a welfare state
True
58
Welfare state
a state that takes responsibility for the health/substance of its citizens
59
Factors contributing to the outbreak of WWI
The European balance of power was upset
Nationalism
Conflict between Austria and Serbia (both despised each other)
60
Sides in WWI
Triple Entente and the Central Powers
61
True or False: The Triple Entente would later become the Allies in WWII
True
62
Countries of the Triple Entente
Britain, France, and Russia
63
Countries of the Central Powers
Germany, Austria-Hungary (aka Austria), and Turkey
64
Turkey aka
Ottoman Empire
65
The crucial front in France during WWI
The Western Front
66
True or False: Trench warfare during WWI was characterized by a single front
False: it had several fronts
67
The key reason for US intervention in WWI
German unrestricted submarine warfare
68
True or False: Germany pursued a bold policy of unrestricted submarine warfare (USW) in WWI
True
69
With which war is the Zimmerman note associated
WWI
70
The Zimmermann Note
A note proposing that Mexico should ally with Germany should the us enter the war
71
Leader of the Bolshevik Revolution
Vladimir Lenin
72
True or False: Through the Bolshevik Revolution Lenin and the communists took power in Russia
True
73
True or False: Woodrow Wilson's Versailles delegation was composed of Republicans largely
False; Wilson failed to include even one Republican
74
The Big Four (Countries) in the Paris Peace Talks (of WWI)
Italy, Great Britain, France, and the USA
75
The Armenian Genocide
In this forced exodus by the Turkish government Armenians died of starvation or were killed by Turkish soldiers/police
76
Soviet
Began as a workers' and/or soldiers' council/commune
77
True or False: Vatican City remains an independent state
True
78
True or False: The Versaillles settlement redrew the map of Europe
True
79
Opposed British rule in India
Mohandas Gandhi
80
Close comrades of Lenin
Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin
81
What socialist ideology did Lenin alter to Russian conditions
Marxism
82
Created the Red Army, comprised of dedicated Bolsheviks
Leon Trotsky
83
Combatants in the Russian Civil War
The "Reds" (commies) vs. the "Whites" (non-commies)
84
Victor of the Russian Civil War
Trotsky's Red Army
85
The Man of Steel
Joseph Stalin
86
The undisputed leader of the Soviet Union
Stalin
87
True or False: Stalin purged party members and Soviet leaders
True
88
Causes of the Great Depression
Lack of industrial diversification
An overexpansion of credit
89
As a result of the Great Depression did manufacturers increase or reduce prices?
They REDUCED them
90
Two things that significantly hurt American farmers during the Great Depression
Foreclosure and drought
91
True or False: Drought during the Great Depression affected the Great Plains
True
92
FDR's response to the Great Depression
The New Deal
93
Two additional responses by FDR to the Depression
Fireside chats (in which he used radio to inform and encourage the public)
"Hundred Days" - FDR summons Congress into special session
94
The effect of the Depression on Japan
It strengthened militarist groups
95
True or False: The New Deal cured the Depression
False
96
Cured the Depression
Heavy defense-related spending connected to WII
97
Fascism
Socialist system wherein private property is not abolished; the state does not own all property
98
Hitler's Background
Born in Austria
Rejected by the Vienna Academy of Arts
99
The first fascist state
Italy
100
Maker of the first fascist state
Mussolini
101
The Enabling Act
An act that permitted the German Chancellor to enact legislation (make laws) independently of the Reichstag (parliament)
102
A "dress rehearsal" for further conflict in WWII
The Spanish Civil War
[Let's gooo Francisco Franco!]
103
Lightning war
Blitzkrieg
104
Germany attacks Poland
Blitzkrieg
105
The Manhattan Project
Top-secret program wherein many refugee scientists will assist America with its atomic weapons preparaion program
106
The Phony War (during WWII)
Germany pauses and relocates to the western area
107
Event in which Germany had a Panzer pause
The Miracle of Dunkirk
107
Germany's invasion of France in WWII
Germany cuts through the "impenetrable" Ardennes Forest and then their armored forces out-flank the French Maginot defense line
108
True or False: Civilians did not suffer in the siege of Leningrad
False; they starved
109
True or False: Within days of Japan's attack on Pearl Harbour germany declared war on the US
True
110
The Bataan Death March
Occurs when the US surrenders the Philippine Islands
111
Operation Overlord
aka D-Day, the invasion of Normandy, France
112
True or False: In WWII The US fire-bombed Japanese cities like Tokyo
True
113
True or False: The Battle of Okinawa was a bloddy campaign
True
114
The Holocaust
A systematic state-sponsored extermination of "undesirables" by the Nazis and collaborators
115
Progression of Nazi racial policy towards Jews
From persecution to ghettoization to liquidation to factory-like annihilation
116
Jewish resistance to annihilation in Poland
The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
