The moderated extreme right or a radicalised right

Question 1

2012 improvements of voters made by M Le Pen

Answer 1

she had improved her votes by 1 million

Question 2

How did Sarkozy describe the new FN under Marine

Answer 2

a democratic party born out of a Neo-Facist alliance, the mainstream had been radicalised in the eyes of Sarkozy

Question 3

How has time been a factor in improving the image of the FN??

Answer 3

the far right in the FN can no longer be blamed for the crimes of WW2

Question 4

What does UPM stand for

Answer 4

Union of Popular Movement- merger took place in november 1995 to create more a of a central right Party

Question 5

Leading up to 2012 to reconfirm votes what did Sarkozy do? Ie what was his focus

Answer 5

the country was in a crisis, talked about the identity of France being ruined
Needed to be more moral and physical borders to reduce the increase in Net immigrant movement

Question 6

What did the chief of staff under Sarkozy say about France?

Answer 6

that “ils veulent que la France reste la France”

Question 7

Which was a large issue that separated the far right from the rest of the Parties?

Answer 7

equality, they said it was an unachievable desire

Question 8

What did many argue would have happened had Sarkozy not conducted such a rightist campaign?

Answer 8

that the FN would have been able to secure more votes

Question 9

What criticisms did Sarkozy make that backfired

Answer 9

He criticised the elites despite having been part of this system of clubs for the past 20 years

Question 10

why was voting for Le Pen at the end of the first decade no longer a taboo?

Answer 10

the parties rhetoric became more and more reasonable in the eyes of many
she wanted to get rid of the idea that her party would receive only protest votes

Question 11

Example of the increased radicalisation of Sarkozy

Answer 11

he proposed to take France out of the Schengen area in a bid to reduce immigration

Question 12

What main policy in the late 00’s attracted a more populist movement for the FN?

Answer 12

the socio-economic crisis that France was experiencing was the main priority for France

Question 13

in 1973 the FN identified the most with which political leader?

Answer 13

The regime of Pétain

Question 14

from the years up until the change of the century what was the engine of productivity in the eyes of the FN?

Answer 14

the economic inequality

Le Pen described the Party as the antithesis of Rousseauistic egalitarian values

Question 15

Immigration policies in the 80s

Answer 15

repatriation of Immigrants and ban on intercultural teachings

Question 16

Radicalisation of immigration policy in the 1998

Answer 16

Mégret looked to give a 5000 Franc allowance for Babies born intO French Families

Question 17

Example of reversed death penalties by 2002

Answer 17

death penalty would be given instead a referendum

Question 18

How did JM Le Pen show his conciliatory side/ less confrontational

Answer 18

by saying the gas chambers were simply a moment in history

Question 19

Tone of the nation during the elections of 2002 where Chirac one?

Answer 19

demonstrations against Le Pen who passed to the second round

Question 20

What contrast can be seen between the 2002 election campaign of Le Pen and the 2007 one?

Answer 20

He made efforts to be a man of the Republic, shown by launching the campaign at Valmy

Question 21

By 1998 had they already made some strides towards a more balanced/ Republican attitude?

Answer 21

yes, a formal declaration to adherence of anti-discriminatory values highlighted this

Question 22

Main priority for Le Pen in 2012

Answer 22

becoming a party of government, rather than the doctrinal consistency

Question 23

How did Marine LP twist stances on abortion to favour the masses - SOCIAL SHIFT

Answer 23

she said abortion costs could be used instead to help the elderly

Question 24

Le Pen made an effort to shift the social policy of the Party but where was this less evident within their policy?

Answer 24

expulsion of foreign offenders
40,000 new prisons
fight against islam

Question 25

In regard to Europe was the stance consistent from the 90s

Answer 25

yes, they were still anti-schengen

Question 26

the 24% of votes that Le Pen received in the pre-election polls of 2012 showed… and what does this show?

Answer 26

that many of the votes had come from Lutte Ouvrière - shows that perhaps the Party was still attracting plenty of radicals even though it was supposedly de-radicalising
this is a large percentage considering most Presidents aimed for around 25% to be a contender in the second round

Question 27

What showed that the Party has recently been attracting a wider scope

Answer 27

the municipal elections of 2014 highlight wins in leftist strongholds

Question 28

Can the DNA of the FN ever be altered fully?

Answer 28

really at the core the anti republican values are still situated, with Le Pen criticising the trinity values

Question 29

The far right is no longer anti system but

Answer 29

the system is anti-right - there has been a failure to form alliances

Question 30

The party is nowadays

Answer 30

on a quest for integration that embodies many of the Republican values and internally encompasses many different individual motives

Question 31

How has Le Pen described the management of local government in recent years?

Answer 31

as more managerial compared to the ideological driven approaches to towns such as toulon in the 1990s

Question 32

What indicates that the Party is nevertheless on the outside

Answer 32

at rallies there are still radicals promoting national priority
there is a relentless ambition to promote sovereignty by reinstating the Franc and renegotiating France’s EU membership

Question 33

how did the FN come about?

Answer 33

Up until 1972 the ordre nouveau was a prominent far right movement but in the relative world of politics was not a big player- spurred on by victory in Italy from the MSI they formed the FNUF and copied their values, even their emblem

Question 34

how would you describe the ordre-nouveau’s ideology?

Answer 34

as somewhat neo-fascist

Question 35

What were the themes that the FN advocated early on and why wasn’t this a success?

Answer 35

nationalism

immigration and security - coherent enough if the public needed these issues solving

Question 36

What happened when the ON withdrew from the FN?

Answer 36

costly to the development of the FN as they lost support dramatically

Question 37

Danger of having such extremist views and example

Answer 37

the ON clashes with the communists in the 60s over views and was banned from Party politics- this left their reputation tarnished

Question 38

How did Le Pen avoid complete marginalisation during the 70s

Answer 38

joined forced with catholic fundamentalists and integrated the national revolutionist group

Question 39

What attitude could limit in theory most extreme parties?

Answer 39

increasing competition certainly has led to stubbornness in the FN, only recently has their success when they decided to de-radicalise some of their issues

Question 40

Alliance formed with UDF?

Answer 40

In 1998 during the regional elections the FN ensured UDF victory in some regions in return for administrative influence