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Honours World Regional Studies > The Middle East Unit Test > Flashcards

The Middle East Unit Test Flashcards

1
Q

Who qualifies as being an Arab?:

A

Heritage from Arabia, Speak Arabic

Being an Arab is an ethnicity, not a religion
Mostly all Arabs are Muslims, but… Not all Muslims are Arabs

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2
Q

What is the capital of Iran?:

A

Tehran

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3
Q

What is the capital of Iraq?:

A

Baghdad

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4
Q

What is the capital of Saudi Arabia?:

A

Riyadh

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5
Q

What is the capital of Syria? :

A

Damascus

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6
Q

What is the capital of Lebanon?:

A

Beirut

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7
Q

What is the capital of Egypt?:

A

Cairo

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8
Q

What country is Mecca located in?:

A

Saudi Arabia

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9
Q

What country is Aden located in?:

A

Yemen

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10
Q

What country is Tel Aviv located in?:

A

Israel

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11
Q

What country is Dubai located in?:

A

United Arab Emirates

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12
Q

What country is Istanbul located in?:

A

Turkey

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13
Q

What country is Karachi located in?:

A

Pakistan

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14
Q

Why are Palestinians without a homeland?:

A

Jews and Palestinians in the area for a heck of a long time, Jews left for two thousand years, but Zionism and then they wanted to re-establish and protect Israel and other countries supported them, so it became Israel and not Palestine, war was fought but Palestinians lost, so now Palestinians don’t have homeland because they are too weak to fight Israel and win.

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15
Q

What is the common trait in regards to the locations of the major population centers of this region?:

A

They are all near water, whether the water is an ocean, a river, or a sea.

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16
Q

How does Zionism relate to the establishment of the Jewish homeland?:

A

Zionism was a movement all over that had the intent of the re-establishment and later protection of Israel/ a Jewish homeland

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17
Q

How does Palestine relate to the establishment of the Jewish homeland?:

A

Palestine/ Palestinians were already in the area, Palestine was already a thing before being separated into two independent Jewish and Muslim entities, then finally Palestine fought against the establishment of Israel, and lost, and now Palestine is a section of Israel (lots of conflict).

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18
Q

How does a mandate relate to the establishment of the Jewish homeland?:

A

The British Mandate split Israel and Palestine while basically holding both in it’s sphere of control

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19
Q

How does 1948 relate to the establishment of the Jewish homeland?:

A

1948 Arab-Israeli War, in which the Arab military coalition of the Arab of Palestine tried to fight against the Israeli military force in order to push Israel out of what was formerly Palestine, but Israel won the fight, so, ya know, ISRAEL

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20
Q

What is the most important resource in this region? Why is it scarce?:

A

The most important resource in this region is water, because it is water and they live in a desert, and the reason it is scarce is because it is the literal desert.

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21
Q

How does the Balfour Declaration relate to the establishment of the Jewish homeland?:

A

Lord Balfour of Britain promised the Jews the same land that was promised to Arabs, but the promise to the Jews was called the Balfour declaration.

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22
Q

How does the United Nations relate to the establishment of the Jewish homeland?:

A

The United Nations Partition: plan created by UN to separate Israel into two different and independent Jewish and Arab entities, while places like Jerusalem belonged to neither of them, and were International stations monitored by the UN

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23
Q

How does the Sykes-Picot Agreement relate to the establishment of the Jewish homeland?:

A

Britain: Fight against the Ottoman Empire with us and we will give you land
Arab States:coughs yeah ok sounds good

Ottoman Empire: loses
Britain: Let’s split up the land
France: wi wi
Britain: cool

Arab States: so about that land promise
Britain: Oh yeah we kind of also promised that to the Jews

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24
Q

How do refugees relate to the establishment of the Jewish homeland?:

A

Once Israel won and was established, the Palestinians were a people without a nation. Therefore, they became refugees.

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25
Q

How does the Holocaust relate to the establishment of the Jewish homeland?:

A

The Holocaust began during WW2, and European Jews, in order to escape the Holocaust, migrated to what would become Israel, because they needed a homeland.

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26
Q 
Place the following events in order:
•Zionism
•Palestine
•Mandate
•1948
•Balfour Declaration
•United Nations Partition Plan
•Sykes-Picot Agreement
•Refugees
•Holocaust
A
  1. Sykes-Picot Agreement
  2. Balfour Declaration
  3. Palestine
  4. British Mandate
  5. Holocaust
  6. United Nations Partition Plan
  7. 1948 Arab-Israeli War
  8. Zionism
  9. Refugees
27
Q

What country has the most Shiite Muslims?:

A

Iran

28
Q

Why was the Turkish application to the EU denied?:

A

Kurds – the Turkish government does not handle its relations with this large ethnic group very well

29
Q

Who are the Kurds and where do they live?:

A

Turkey, they are the largest ethnic group in the world that does not have a homeland.

30
Q

Why are many Middle Eastern countries filled with guest workers rather than using their own native workers?:

A

The guest workers have better educations

31
Q

Why is Egypt’s control of the Sinai crucial to their economy?

A

Tourism!

32
Q

How are Saudi Arabia and Iran different, in terms of their people and governments?:

A

Well, first of all, know that Saudi Arabia is 95% Sunni Muslim

  • Government and people are not on good terms
  • This is partially because the government does not share wealth that it generates with its people
  • Also, the people of Saudi Arabia are extremely religious, while the government people’s lifestyles are very lavish and extra, and not a devout religious person’s lifestyle
  • Saudi government is close to US government, but most of the Saudi public hates the US

Now, on the other hand, Iran’s government is Shi’ite, and generally hates the US….
But:

  • The people of Iran would like to be closer aligned with Western influence and Western lifestyle. But, the government is very conservative and religious and are not huge fans of the West
  • The Iranian government has been the US government’s MAIN ENEMY since the collapse of the Soviet Union 25 years ago single tear Lizzie I’m joking obviously

So basically, Saudi Arabia is more religious than Iran, but the Saudi gov. isn’t as religious as the Iranian gov. Iran is our ‘enemy’, but Saudi Arabia is our business partner // close

33
Q

Why is it more difficult for Iran to profit from its oil than it is for Saudi Arabia?:

A

Iran’s coast is where the oil is located, but unlike Saudi Arabia’s flat coast, Iran’s coast is mountainous, which makes it harder for Iran to transport its oil in order to ship it off and profit from it.

34
Q

What is the nature of the conflict in Syria?:

a) What Islamic sect does the dictator (al-Assad) belong to?

A

al-Assad, along with the rest of Syria’s government, is Alawite (a sect of Shi-ite/Shia Muslim)

35
Q

What is the nature of the conflict in Syria?:

b) What sect are the majority of Syrians?

A

The majority of Syrians are Sunni

36
Q

What is the nature of the conflict in Syria?:

c) Why did the international community demand Assad’s removal?

A

He ordered officers to open fire on his own people, and also killed other people including children with gas.

37
Q

What is the nature of the conflict in Syria?:

d) Who are the powerful rebels there now?

A

ISIS

38
Q

How is the UAE trying to diversify its economy for the future? What about Kuwait – what are they to plan for a future without oil?:

A

UAE: Tourism, Disney resort//Atlantis resort??

Kuwait: Urbanizing

39
Q

What is the Law of Return?:

A

Law that was written into Israel’s laws that says that any Jewish person in the world is automatically a citizen of Israel, has dual citizenship

40
Q

The Kurds and Palestinians have this major attribute in common (other than religion)

A

They are both stateless nations

41
Q

The northern-most country in Southwest Asia and the region’s largest economy, it has a large population of fundamentalist Kurds that have been known to engage in guerilla warfare tactics is:

A

Turkey

42
Q

The Mediterranean nation that has long been at odds with U.S. policy, is involved in a civil war, is still officially at war with its neighbour (Israel) and is home to the world’s oldest city, Damascus:

A

Syria

43
Q

Which country has the largest number of Palestinians outside of Israel?:

A

Jordan

44
Q

What politically controversial area on the Mediterranean Coast of “The Promised Land” (not the Promised Land itself) is a sore subject for both Jews and Arabs?:

A

Gaza Strip

45
Q

The sea separating Egypt and Asia, where moses crossed by splitting the waters of the sea:

A

The Red Sea

46
Q

The coast around the _____ is rich with oil deposits, as evidenced by the wealth of the coastal countries like Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Kuwait:

A

The Persian Gulf

47
Q

Which two rivers did Mesopotamia nestled itself between?:

A

The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

48
Q

The man-made feature in Egypt that allows for sea travel from the Mediterranean out to the Indian Ocean is known as the _____:

A

Suez Canal

49
Q

The ______ was named after the largest city in Yemen, and this body of water connects the Red Sea to the Arabia Sea:

A

Gulf of Aden

50
Q

A country’s basic support facilities, such as roads, schools, airports, and communication systems are called:

A

Infrastructure

51
Q

An Israeli invention, this process allows for crops to grow in desert soil by allowing only a precise amount of water onto plants from pipes:

A

Drip irrigation

52
Q

The dry, worthless land in the majority of central and eastern Iran that is virtually uninhabitable because the winds evaporate most of the moisture from the soil are known as what?:

A

Salt flats/Mud flats

53
Q

The traditional name of the country of Iran, used worldwide until well into the 20th century:

A

Persia

54
Q

The primary difference between Iran and the Middle East is this:

A

Iran is Shiite

55
Q

The major terrorist group that Iran finances in Lebanon:

A

Hezbollah

56
Q

Laws intended to give jobs to people of Saudi Arabia that were previously held by foreigners:

A

Saudization laws

57
Q

The only North African country that does not encompass any part of the Sahara Desert:

A

Tunisia

58
Q

Iraq and ___ serve as buffers between Iran and Saudi Arabia:

A

Kuwait

59
Q

The organization that officially partitioned the area known as Palestine into two separate nations, Israel and Palestine:

A

The United Nations

60
Q

The Israeli occupied territory that is home to the holy city of Jerusalem:

A

The West Bank

61
Q

This river, whose waters separate two countries, has no outlet to the sea, but does mingle with the waters of the salty lake known as the Dead Sea:

A

The Jordan River

62
Q

The Arabic term for the vast desert on the Arabian Peninsula, called “Empty Quarter” in English:

A

Rub al-Khali

63
Q

Due to its oil wealth, 80% of this country’s work force is made up of foreign workers:

A

Qatar

Honours World Regional Studies (6 decks)

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