the middle classes Flashcards
the business and professional classes were growing and playing an increasingly important role in society but there was a small number. How many?
around 2 million
new business and professional men were able to create comfortable lives for themselves , some social mobility as?
nobles’ son chose to join the business world or peasants rose through hard work and enterprise to join the ranks of the middle management
merchant mayors
ensured Moscow had an electric system by 1895
took control of the water supply
by 1914 there were how many innovative + successful entrepreneurs?
2,000
after 1908 a significant number of industrialists, businessmen and bankers took up positions in ?
the duma- exerted infleunce
the middle class group grew as a force as ?
management and professional positions became more in demand in the increasingly complex industrializing society
new industrial society in russia required?
specialists and those with professional training
by 1914 there were probably around how many professionals?
1 million
the number of doctors grew by how much between 1897 -1914?
17,000 in 1897 to 28,000 in 1914
the number of teachers had almost doubled between 1906-1914 to?
over 20,000
there were how many veterinary surgeons in 1914
5,000
professionals formed associations to exchange ideas and experiences. For example in 1892 what happened? and what was ser up in 1881?
1892- first all russian teachers’ congress met
1881= pirogov medical society set up
middle class women made progress mainly after 1900
female teachers, doctors and architects were working for the zemstva
-ideals of female liberation had spread among the educated classes
-in 1905= university co-education was won
the number of middle-class voluntary organisations + associations increased in Moscow there were?
over 600
