the middle classes Flashcards

1
Q

the business and professional classes were growing and playing an increasingly important role in society but there was a small number. How many?

A

around 2 million

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2
Q

new business and professional men were able to create comfortable lives for themselves , some social mobility as?

A

nobles’ son chose to join the business world or peasants rose through hard work and enterprise to join the ranks of the middle management

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3
Q

merchant mayors

A

ensured Moscow had an electric system by 1895
took control of the water supply

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4
Q

by 1914 there were how many innovative + successful entrepreneurs?

A

2,000

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5
Q

after 1908 a significant number of industrialists, businessmen and bankers took up positions in ?

A

the duma- exerted infleunce

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6
Q

the middle class group grew as a force as ?

A

management and professional positions became more in demand in the increasingly complex industrializing society

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7
Q

new industrial society in russia required?

A

specialists and those with professional training

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8
Q

by 1914 there were probably around how many professionals?

A

1 million

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9
Q

the number of doctors grew by how much between 1897 -1914?

A

17,000 in 1897 to 28,000 in 1914

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10
Q

the number of teachers had almost doubled between 1906-1914 to?

A

over 20,000

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11
Q

there were how many veterinary surgeons in 1914

A

5,000

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12
Q

professionals formed associations to exchange ideas and experiences. For example in 1892 what happened? and what was ser up in 1881?

A

1892- first all russian teachers’ congress met
1881= pirogov medical society set up

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13
Q

middle class women made progress mainly after 1900

A

female teachers, doctors and architects were working for the zemstva
-ideals of female liberation had spread among the educated classes
-in 1905= university co-education was won

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14
Q

the number of middle-class voluntary organisations + associations increased in Moscow there were?

A

over 600

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