The Memory Models Flashcards
Who created the multi store model?
Atkinson and Shiffrin
Atkinson and Shiffrin designed the….
Multi store model
What is the primacy effect?
The effect that something is more likely to be remembered if there’s a cognitive bias towards it or if it is first
What is the recency effect?
The effect that people are more likely to remember something if it was the last thing they had to remember.
Who is the key researcher for the primacy and recency effect?
Ebbinghaus
What was Murdock’s study?
Participants were asked to learn lists of words between 10 and 40 words. They were shown each word for 1-2 seconds
Who designed the working memory model?
Baddeley and Hitch
Baddeley and Hitch designed the….
Working memory model
What’s the two functions of the central executive?
. To process sensory information
. To allocate attention to slave systems based on that sensory reading
What are the two functions of the phonological loop?
. To provide an information capacity (all be it a limited one)
. To allow information to be rehersed so it can be retained.
What are the two functions of the visuo-spacial sketchpad?
. To retain visual data
. To record and reason where the visual data is in relation to ourselves and each other.
What are the functions of the episodic buffer?
. A temporary store for information across all other parts of the working memory model
. To maintain time sequencing
. To transfer information to the long term memory
Murdock’s study support what theory?
The primacy and recency effect
Vargha Khanden looked at 3 young case studies, what did they have in common?
They had damaged hippocampus
Tulvings has some neuroimagining evidence, what was it for?
Looking to see which areas of the brain lit up during activities to descern whether it was a semantic, episodic or procedural memory
Tulving used a _____ scan.
PET
What was the result of Tulving’s brain scan study?
The episodic and semantic memory seemed to be tied to the prefrontal cortex but divided between hemispheres. The left was semantic the right episodic
Conrad found that…..
Particpants made more errors if the second list on consonants were acccoustically similar
What were the results to Peterson and Peterson’s study?
3 seconds - 80% recall
6 seconds - 50% recall
18 seconds - 10% recall
In Peterson and Peterson’s study what were the 6 time count down conditions?
3,6,9,12,15 and 18 seconds of rehersal prevention
Who is KF and who’s attributed to his case study?
A single with very poor short term memory after brain damage, Shallice and Warrington reviewed him
Baddeley showed dual tasks were more difficult when…..
The same slave system of the working memory model was being used.
Baddeley’s contributions are…..
. The diver study
. The working memory model
. Showing dual tasks were more difficult when the same slave system is multitasking.
The rugby study
