The Meaning of Innovation and Theoretical Basis

Question 1

What is the definition of innovation

Answer 1

‘the use of a new idea or method’
‘the development of new products, designs or ideas’

Question 2

What is the definition of pedagogical innovation

Answer 2

‘a new or improved product or process that differs significantly from previous products or processes’
‘two main types of innovation: product innovation and process innovation

Question 3

what is product innovation

Answer 3

refers to innovation in goods and services

Question 4

what is process innovation

Answer 4

refers to innovation in production processes or activities

Question 5

what is pedagogical innovation as part of practice

Answer 5

• curtner-smith (1999): the more things change the more they stay the same: factors influencing teachers’ interpretations and delivery of national curriculum physical education
• ‘innovation at the level of practice must be seen as a normal response to addressing the daily challenges of a constantly changing classroom. Change is not an extra, but a pedagogical problem - solving process that builds on the creative, intuitive and personal capacities of teachers’ (OECD 2019)

Question 6

does innovation bring improvement

Answer 6

• there is no guarantee that innovative efforts will achieve the intended goals
• ‘innovation is in fact merely a new or significantly changed (or different) product or process, and measured as such, whether it brings an improvement or not’

Question 7

what are innovative pedagogies

Answer 7

• combinations: combine different pedagogical holistically
• content: innovative content for what?
• context: how does context shape the appropriateness of different approaches and their impact
• connoisseurship: bringing together what is known about the expert application of specific innovative pedagogies
• change: lessons learned on how best to introduce and embed innovative pedagogies

Question 8

what are the learning domains

Answer 8

1) psychomotor ability: which is revealed through movement and the physical performance of movement
2) interpersonal ability: which is exhibited in social contexts, and is the basis of leadership, teamwork and similar concepts
3) intrapersonal ability: which underpins an individuals capacity for self control, self efficacy and emotional intelligence
4) cognitive ability: which is shown in tactical settings, as well as knowledge and understanding of central physical educational concepts
5) creative ability: which is evidenced when learners respond to challenges and tasks with fluency, originality and sensitivity to problems

Question 9

what is models based practice

Answer 9

• there is no one ‘right way’ to teach or coach
• provides an alternative to traditional multi-activity PE based on theories of learning
• this approach is considered to better meet the diverse learning domains of PE and sport