The Material World Flashcards
What is an electrolyte?
A substance that, when dissolved in water, allows an electrical current to flow through the solution.
What is a base?
A substance containing a metal and OH (ex: NaOH)
What is an acid?
A substance containing H and a non-metal (ex: HCI)
What is a salt?
A substance produced by the chemical bonding of a metallic ion and a nonmetallic ion (ex:NaCI)
If the pH of a substance is neutral, is it a base, an acid, or a salt?
A salt
Identify the properties of an acid.
- Litmus turns red
- Has a pH between 1 and 6.9
- Reacts with metals
- Electrolyte
Identify the properties of a base.
- Litmus turns blue
- Has a pH between 7.1 and 14
- Electrolyte
Identify the properties of a salt.
- Has a pH of 7
* Electrolyte
Identify the three electrolytes.
Acids, Bases and Salts
What is matter ?
Anything made up of atoms
What makes up an atom ? (3) (Sub particles)
- Protons
- Neutrons
- Electrons
What are the 3 states ?
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
What is the difference between atoms and elements ?
An atom is a individual particle. An element can be alone or together.
What do you need in order to make a Rutherford-Bohr Model ? (3)
- The nucleus in the center to show the number of protons
- The electronic shells (Energy levels)
- The order of electrons 2-8-8-2
Where is protons located and what is the charge ?
Positive charge.
Located at the nucleus of the atom
Where is neutrons located and what is the charge ?
Neutral charge.
Located at center of atom.
Where is electrons located and what is the charge ?
Negative charge
Located very far from center of atom
What does the atomic number represent ?
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom ?
When are ION positive ?
If the number of protons is greater then the number of electrons.
When are ION negative ?
If the number of electrons is greater then the number of protons
To get a full shell in a ION, what happens when you add and take away electrons?
If you take away : Positive
If you add : Negative
What do elements in the same period have ?
Same number of electron shells
or
same number of energy levels
What do elements in the same family have ?
Same number of valance electrons and same chemical properties
What does the lewis notation show ?
The elements symbol, the number of valance electrons.
