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Anatomy and Physiology Semester 2 > The Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

The Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

List 3 functions of the Male Reproductive system…

A
  1. Production of androgens.
  2. Production, storage and nourishment of male gametes.
  3. Introduction of male gametes into female reproductive tract.
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2
Q

What does the term androgen mean?

A

Male sex hormone.

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3
Q

List the 5 components of the male reproductive system…

A
  1. Testes,
  2. Scrotum,
  3. Ducts,
  4. Glands,
  5. Penis.
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4
Q

List the 3 ducts in the male reproductive system…

A
  1. Epididymal duct
  2. Vas deferens
  3. Urethra
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5
Q

List the 3 glands in the male reproductive system…

A
  1. Bulbourethral
  2. Seminal vesicles
  3. Prostate
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6
Q

How big is one testis?

A

Around 4cm long and 2.5cm in diameter.

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7
Q

What separates the 2 testis in the scrotum?

A

The scrotal septum.

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8
Q

Each testis is suspended from the…

A

Spermatic cord.

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9
Q

Each testis is covered by 2…

A

Tissue layers.

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10
Q

List the 2 tissue layers that cover each testis…

A
  1. Tunica vaginalis,

2. Tunica albuginea.

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11
Q

Each testis is divided into…

A

300 testicular lobules by the tunica albuginea.

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12
Q

Each testicular lobule contains 1 to 4…

A

Seminiferous tubules.

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13
Q

Testicular tubules are the site of…

A

Spermatogenesis.

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14
Q

What is spermatogenesis?

A

The process in which spermatozoa are produced from male germ cells by way of mitosis and meiosis.

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15
Q

The seminiferous tubules walls are formed from…

A

Sertoli cells.

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16
Q

Sertoli cells secrete…

A

Nutrients for the developing sperm.

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17
Q

Define mitosis…

A

The division of a parent cell into cell into 2 daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.

18
Q

What is meiosis?

A

Meiosis takes place in germ cells to generate gametes. Gametes are produced from germ cells. Meiosis decreases the number of chromosomes.

19
Q

Spermiogenesis is the conversion of…

A

Spermatids to spermatozoa.

20
Q

Mature spermatozoa are released into…

A

The lumen

21
Q

What is the head of the sperm called?

A

The acrosome which contains the nucleus.

22
Q

What is the middle section of the sperm called?

A

Spiral Mitochondria.

23
Q

What is the tail of the sperm called?

A

The flagellum.

24
Q

Sertoli cells are required for the maturation of…

A

Spermatozoa.

25
Q

What do leydig cells do?

A

Secrete androgenic steroids near the capillaries.

26
Q

List the 3 nutrients that sertoli secrete…

A
  1. Inhibin
  2. Androgen-binding protein.
  3. Mullerian-inhibiting substance.
27
Q

List some examples of secondary sex characteristics…

A

Pubic hair, facial hair, increased muscle mass.

28
Q

What temperature are testes kept at?

A

35 degrees- Just below body temperature.

29
Q

Testes are drawn closer to the body…

A

In a response to cold by the cremaster muscle.

30
Q

What does the dartos muscle do?

A

Decreases the surface area of the testes and assist the cremaster muscle.

31
Q

The testes can be cooled by…

A

Heat exchange at the pampiniform plexus.

32
Q

What are rete testis?

A

Delicate tubules located in the hilum of the testicle.

33
Q

What does the Vas deferens do?

A

Connects the testes with the urethera

34
Q

What happens during a vasectomy?

A

The vas deferens is sectioned near the epidermis.

35
Q

What do the seminal vesicles do?

A

Join vas deferens to form ejactulatory gland and produces 60% of semen volume.

36
Q

What does the prostate gland do?

A

Secretion assist sperm motility and makes up 25% of semen volume.

37
Q

Functions of the bulbourethral glands…

A
  1. Mucus-like secretion enters the urethra during sexual arousal.
  2. Neutralises urine residue.
38
Q

List the 3 sections of the urethra…

A
  1. Prostatic part
  2. Membranous part
  3. Spongy part
39
Q

How long is the male urethra?

A

20cm long.

40
Q

List the 3 regions of the penis…

A
  1. Root
  2. Shaft
  3. Glans penis.

Anatomy and Physiology Semester 2 (8 decks)

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