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Medical Terminology Words > The Lymphatic System > Flashcards

The Lymphatic System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

AIDS

A

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome– develops due to an infection of HIV– T-cells are not produced normally in the body

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2
Q

Adenitis

A

inflammation in a lymph node that produces swelling

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3
Q

Adenoid

A

a series of lymph nodes on the posterior wall

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4
Q

Adenoma

A

a benign tumor formed from glandular structures found in the epithelial tissue

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5
Q

Adenovirus

A

a virus that causes conjunctivitis, upper respiratory tract infections, and cystitis among other infections

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6
Q

ALL

A

acute lymphocytic leukemia– a blood cancer that develops in the bone marrow and influences white blood cells

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7
Q

Allergen

A

a substance that causes a person to become overly sensitive to certain things

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8
Q

AML

A

acute myelogenous leukemia– the blood develops excess myeloid cells

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9
Q

Antinuclear Antibody

A

a test that helps identify any possible autoimmune disorders (ANA)

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10
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

an immune system reaction that develops when a person encounters an antigen (usually caused by an allergen)

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11
Q

Antibiotic

A

a protein that is provided in drug form– protein is produced by blood plasma cells and will respond to antigens and other infections

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12
Q

Antibody

A

a molecule form in immunoglobulin (produced in lymphoid tissue and will attack an antigen)

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13
Q

Antifungal

A

a drug that destroys fungi

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14
Q

Antigen

A

a compound that is identified by the immune system and will lead to an immune reaction

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15
Q

Antiviral

A

a compound that destroys a virus– drug may also prevent the virus from replicating

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16
Q

ARC

A

AIDS- related complex– refers to the symptoms of a person who has been infected with HIV by has not developed the AIDS virus

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17
Q

ATL

A

adult T-cell leukemia– cancer that impacts the T-cells w/in the immune system

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18
Q

Autoantibody

A

an antibody that responds to self-antigens in an organism that produced these compounds

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19
Q

Autoantigens

A

tissues that can interact with autoantibodies to produce immune responses

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20
Q

Autoimmune

A

a condition where the immune system triggers a response against tissues within the body

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21
Q

Autoimmune Disorder

A

a name for a condition where a person’s immune system attacks healthy cells

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22
Q

Autoimmunity

A

a process where the immune system responds to its own tissue– triggers an autoimmune disorder

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23
Q

Bacilli

A

a bacterium with a rod shape

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24
Q

Bacteria

A

a single cell compound

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25
Q

CA

A

a possible abbreviation that may be used to describe cancer

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26
Q

Candidiasis

A

an infection that develops in wet skin areas (yeast infection)

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27
Q

Carcinogen

A

a compound that may trigger the development of some cancers

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28
Q

Carcinoma

A

a cancerous disease where skin cells mutate

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29
Q

Cervical Cancer

A

a condition where cancerous cells develop in the cervix

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30
Q

Chemotherapy

A

a process where chemical compounds are used in the treatment of cancer and other conditions

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31
Q

CLL

A

chronic lymphocytic leukemia– cancer involves B cells, which are white blood cells, mutating and eventually spreading to many parts of the body

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32
Q

CML

A

chronic myeloid leukemia– the blood cancer that develops in the bone marrow due to a random chromosome mutation

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33
Q

CSD

A

cat scratch disease or fever– a condition that may develop due to a scratch or bite from a cat

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34
Q

Cytokines

A

compounds that are produced by immune system cells to convey information between one another

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35
Q

Cytomegalovirus

A

CMV– the virus is related to the herpes virus

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36
Q

Dengue

A

a disease that is transmitted by a bite from the infected Aedes mosquito

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37
Q

DPT

A

diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus vaccine

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38
Q

EBV

A

epstein-barr virus– a condition that causes infectious mononucleosis

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39
Q

ELISA

A

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay– a test that uses an enzyme in the body to identify the antibodies that may be present in the body

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40
Q

Epitope

A

a spot on an antigen that will interact with antibodies

41
Q

GVHD

A

graft-versus-host disease (runt disease)– the condition involves bone marrow or stem cells that are transmitted to patient through donor

42
Q

Herpes

A

an infection that develops due to the herpes simplex virus

43
Q

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency virus– a condition that may be transferred through sexual intercourse or the sharing of medications or needles

44
Q

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

A

a lymphoma that develops in the lymph nodes

45
Q

Hypersensitivity

A

when a person’s immune system conducts an improper or excessive response to an antigen

46
Q

Immunity

A

the body’s natural protection from diseases, particularly infectious ones

47
Q

Immunization

A

a process that gives the body the ability to resist disease

48
Q

Immunoglobulin

A

a protein found in the serum and cells in the body’s immune system

49
Q

Immunosuppressant

A

a drug that prevents the immune system from responding

50
Q

Immunotherapy

A

a process where the immune system is adjusted to treat a disease

51
Q

Interferon

A

a small protein that is produced by T-cells, fibroblasts, and other cells

52
Q

Kaposi Sarcoma

A

cancer that produces lesions on the body including lesions around the lymph nodes and other organs

53
Q

Lymph

A

the fluid produced in the lymphatic system– fluid includes white blood cells and will drain the lymphatic system into the bloodstream

54
Q

Lymph Node

A

a part of the body that will filter substances that move through the lymphatic fluid

55
Q

Lymphadenitis

A

inflammation in the lymph node

56
Q

Lymphadenopathy

A

inflammation in the lymph node that results in the tissue becoming enlarged

57
Q

Lymphangiectasis

A

when the lymph nodes become enlarged

58
Q

Lymphangioma

A

a change in the lymphatic system– includes congenital impact that keeps the system from operating properly

59
Q

Lymphangiosarcoma

A

a malignant tumor that develops from the endothelial cells in the lymph nodes

60
Q

Lymphedema

A

edema caused by the lymph nodes not working properly

61
Q

Lymphocele

A

a cystic mass that includes lymph tissue

62
Q

Lymphocytosis

A

an increase in the number or lymphocytes in the blood

63
Q

Lymphoma

A

a rise in the number of lymphocytes found in the blood

64
Q

Lymphoma

A

a condition where lymphocytes are impacted and become cancerous

65
Q

Lymphopenia

A

a decline in the number of lymphocytes in the blood

66
Q

Macrophage

A

a white blood cell in the immune system– the cell will remove unwanted cells including any cells that might cause illness

67
Q

Malaria

A

an illness caused by infected mosquito bite– issue can cause chills, flu-like symptoms, and diarrhea

68
Q

Mammography

A

an examination of the breast tissue through low-energy x-rays

69
Q

Metastasis

A

when cancer spreads to another part of the body

70
Q

Myosarcoma

A

a malignant tumor in the muscle– tissue cause a muscle to weaken and to develop a persistent cramping sensation

71
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

a form of cancer that creates immature bone structure

72
Q

Parasite

A

an organism that will travel to another organism– may transfer an illness or other condition to a person who is infected

73
Q

Preleukemia

A

a condition where the blood or bone marrow appears to be developing the early stages or leukemia

74
Q

Rabies

A

a viral infection transmitted through the saliva of an infected animal

75
Q

Rickettsia

A

bacteria surrounded by a layer of protein

76
Q

Rubella

A

also known as German measles– a viral disease that enters the respiratory tract and will spread to the lymphatic system

77
Q

Sarcoidosis

A

inflammation that develops through the lymphatic system

78
Q

Sarcoma

A

cancer in the connective tissue– soft tissue condition that will impact fat, muscle cartilage, and other soft tissue within the body

79
Q

Scrofula

A

tuberculosis that impacts the lymph nodes, especially the nodes in the neck

80
Q

Spleen

A

an organ found near the stomach– organ will filter blood in the immune system and will recycle old red blood cells

81
Q

Splenectomy

A

the removal of the spleen

82
Q

Splenitis

A

inflammation in the spleen

83
Q

Splenomegaly

A

when the spleen becomes enlarged

84
Q

Staphylococci

A

also known as staph– bacteria have a spherical appearance and will develop in a series of small clusters

85
Q

TAT

A

tetanus antitoxin– compound is administered when a person experiences a penetrating wound that could become contaminated with soil

86
Q

Tetanus

A

also known as lockjaw– condition is caused by the body contracting

87
Q

Thymectomy

A

the removal of the thymus gland

88
Q

Thymocytes

A

lymphocytes that develop in the thymus

89
Q

Thymoma

A

a tumor that develops in the epithelial cells in the thymus

90
Q

Thymus

A

an organ that produces T lymphocytes

91
Q

TNF

A

tumor necrosis factor– the TNF cell-signaling protein that triggers systemic inflammation and may lead to the general acute reaction to certain conditions

92
Q

Tonsillectomy

A

a surgical removal of a tonsil

93
Q

Tonsils

A

a pair of tissues near the back part of the throat

94
Q

Toxoplasmosis

A

a parasitic disease caused by the Toxoplasma gondii parasite

95
Q

Vaccination

A

a process where a vaccine is administered to the patient’s body

96
Q

Vaccine

A

a material that includes microorganisms that have been engineered to prevent an infection

97
Q

Varicella

A

chickenpox– condition is triggered by the varicella-zoster virus– causes itchy rash to develop and can produce blisters on the skin

98
Q

WBC

A

white blood count

Medical Terminology Words (14 decks)

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