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Medical Terminology Words > Eye and Ear Health > Flashcards

Eye and Ear Health Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Abducens Nerve

A

a cranial nerve near the pons/ the nerve helps send motor fibers towards the lateral rectus muscle in the eye

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2
Q

Adnexa

A

the individual parts of an organ/ the adnexa most often refers to the eyelids and how they cover the eyeball

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3
Q

Alacrima

A

dry eye or a condition where the eyes are not getting the moisture they require

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4
Q

Amaurosis

A

blindness triggered by a disease

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5
Q

Amblyopia

A

a lack of vision due to the tissues in the eye not developing properly during puberty

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6
Q

Ametropia

A

an eye issue developed by improper refraction

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7
Q

Anisocoria

A

when the pupil sizes in the eyes are uneven

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8
Q

Anterior Chamber

A

a spot between the iris and cornea

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9
Q

Aphakia

A

when the eye’s lens is missing

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10
Q

Aqueous Humor

A

a fluid found within the eye

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11
Q

Astigmatism

A

a condition where the curve on the eye is faulty

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12
Q

Audiology

A

a study of hearing including how impairments in hearing may develop

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13
Q

ARMD

A

age-related macular degeneration

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14
Q

Audiometry

A

a test to identify how well a person hears

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15
Q

Aural

A

relating to hearing

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16
Q

Basilar Membrane

A

a membrane found in the cochlea

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17
Q

Biconcave

A

a concave found on both sides/ the surface will curve inward like the inside part of the sphere

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18
Q

Biconvex

A

the opposite of a biconcave , the biconvex occurs when a convex appears on both sides

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19
Q

Binaural

A

relating to both ears

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20
Q

Binocular

A

relating to both eyes

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21
Q

Blepharitis

A

inflammation that develops in the eyelids

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22
Q

Blepharoplasty

A

an eyelid lift

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23
Q

Blepharospasm

A

wining that develops in the eyelid due to the muscle in the region contracting without much control

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24
Q

Blindness

A

when a person is unable to see

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25
Q

Blinking

A

an event where the eyelids close and open

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26
Q

Cerumen

A

also known as earwax

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27
Q

Chalazion

A

a bump located on the eyelid

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28
Q

Choroid

A

a layer located between the retina and sclera

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29
Q

Choroiditis

A

inflammation in the choroid part of the eye

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30
Q

Cochlea

A

the part of the inner ear that affects hearing

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31
Q

Cochlear Implant

A

a small implant that is provided to a patient who has hearing difficulties, partially those who are deaf

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32
Q

Color Blindness

A

a concern where a person is unable to distinguish colors

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33
Q

Conjuntiva

A

a mucous membrane on the posterior surface of the eyelids and anterior surface of the eyeball

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34
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

also known as pink eye– inflammation of the tissue along with the white part of the eye

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35
Q

Cornea

A

a transparent part of the eye

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36
Q

Corneal Edema

A

development of excess fluid in the cornea

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37
Q

Dacryoadenitis

A

inflammation in the lacrimal glands or the glands responsible for producing tears

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38
Q

Dacryocystitis

A

inflammation in the sac around the lacrimal gland

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39
Q

Dark Adaptation

A

a change in how the pupil and retina may work

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40
Q

Decibel

A

a measurement unit to identify the intensity of the sound

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41
Q

Deafness

A

a basic measurement of how a person has lost the ability to hear

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42
Q

Diopter

A

a measurement of how refractive a lens is

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43
Q

Diplopia

A

double vision

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44
Q

Dry Eye Syndrome

A

a concern where the eyes are dry due to not producing enough tears

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45
Q

Ear

A

an organ that assists in hearing

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46
Q

Earache

A

general pain in the ear organ

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47
Q

Ectropion

A

an issue where the low eyelid drops past the eye

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48
Q

EENT

A

a general term used to refer to the eye, ear, nose, and throat (may refer to a specialist who deals with these aspects)

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49
Q

Emmetropia

A

an eye that does not have any defects

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50
Q

Entropion

A

when the eyelid is rolled inward towards the eye

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51
Q

Epiphora

A

the production of excess tears (due to the lacrimal duct being blocked)

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52
Q

Episclera

A

the tissues that link the sclera and conjunctiva

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53
Q

Episcleritis

A

inflammation in the sclera

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54
Q

Esotropia

A

when one or both eyes are turned inward

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55
Q

Exotropia

A

when one or both eyes are turned outward

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56
Q

Eyebrow

A

a bony structure that is over the eye socket (the surface protects the main part of the eye)

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57
Q

Eyelashes

A

a series of hairs that develop along the edges of the eyelids

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58
Q

Floater

A

a string that appears to move along the eye– floater may develop along the line of vision and may cloud one’s vision on occasion

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59
Q

Fluorescein Angiography

A

a test that identifies how well a retina and choroid are functioning

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60
Q

Focus

A

an area where rays of light will link to one another after going through the lens

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61
Q

Glare

A

a light that will impair one’s vision – may include the eyes being blinded due to the light being too intense

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62
Q

Glaucoma

A

a condition where pressure levels in the eye increases

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63
Q

Hearing Distance

A

the ability of a person to hear sound over distance

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64
Q

Hemianopia

A

when the eyes lose part of its field of vision on one side

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65
Q

Heterophoria

A

when the eyes might not be parallel w/ one another

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66
Q

Hippus

A

regular dilation and contraction of the pupils

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67
Q

Hordeolum

A

when a gland in the eyelid is blocked by a cyst

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68
Q

Hyperopia

A

a person experiencing farsightedness– a person can see distant objects well but not closer

69
Q

Hyphema

A

bleeding around the eye’s anterior chamber

70
Q

Infectious Myringitis

A

an infection where the eardrums develop blisters (infectious)

71
Q

Iridectomy

A

when a part of the iris is surgically removed– occurs when the tissue develops an intense form of inflammation

72
Q

Iridoplegia

A

paralysis of a muscle in the iris or dilator area that may keep the tissue from working properly

73
Q

Iris

A

a circular tissue behind the cornea – membrane provides the eye with its visible color

74
Q

Iritis

A

when the iris becomes inflamed

75
Q

Keratitis

A

inflammation in the cornea

76
Q

Keratoconjunctivitis

A

inflammation in the cornea and conjunctiva

77
Q

Keratoconus

A

a protrusion found in the middle part of the cornea, usually in a conical shape

78
Q

Labyrinth

A

a series of ducts in the ear required for hearing and balance

79
Q

Labyrinthectomy

A

an operation that treats Meniere’s syndrome– the procedure will cause the balance organs to be removed so the brain will not receive signals from the inner ear

80
Q

Labyrinthitis

A

inflammation in the inner ear

81
Q

Lacrimation

A

the process of crying and producing tears

82
Q

Laser Trabeculoplasty

A

a common procedure for treating glaucoma– a laser will drain the aqueous fluid that may influence the condition

83
Q

Macula Lutea

A

a spot found in the retina

84
Q

Macular

A

referring to the central retina

85
Q

Macular Degeneration

A

destruction of the retina where the central visual field is impaired– condition is caused by fatty deposits in the area

86
Q

Maculopathy

A

a condition where the macula lutea is influenced negativity

87
Q

Malleus

A

known as the hammer… the largest bone found in the ear

88
Q

Mastoid

A

a bone located behind the ear– the part of the temporal bone and supports the movement of blood through vessels

89
Q

Mastoidectomy

A

the surgical removal of the mastoid air cells in the skull behind the ear

90
Q

Mastoiditis

A

inflammation in the mastoid air cells

91
Q

Meibomian Glands

A

small glands found along the inside surfaces of the eyelids

92
Q

Miosis

A

when the pupils constrict more than necessary

93
Q

Miotics

A

drugs that cause the pupils to contract

94
Q

Mydriasis

A

a concern where the pupils become dilated too often or at the wrong time

95
Q

Myopia

A

nearsightedness– a person can see close, but not far away

96
Q

Myringitis

A

inflammation in the eardrum

97
Q

Mryingotomy

A

a surgical procedure that relieves fluid pressure in the eye

98
Q

Nasolacrimal Duct

A

a duct that moves tears from the lacrimal gland over to the nose

99
Q

Nictation

A

a reflex known as blinking

100
Q

Night Blindness

A

a concern when a person is unable to see in dark conditions

101
Q

Nystagmus

A

a concern where the eyes make consistent movements without control

102
Q

Ocular Absorption

A

when the eye tissues begin to take in certain medications or other items

103
Q

Ocular Hypertension

A

when the intraocular pressure declines

104
Q

Oculomotor

A

relating to eye movements

105
Q

Ophthalmia

A

inflammation in the eye

106
Q

Ophthalmoplegia

A

paralysis in one of the ocular muscles

107
Q

Ophthalmoscopy

A

a review of the back part of the eye including the retina, choroid, and blood vessels

108
Q

Optic Nerve

A

the second cranial nerve that allows visual data to go from the retina to the brain

109
Q

Optic Neuritis

A

a concern where the optic nerve develops inflammation

110
Q

Optic Tract

A

a nerve fiber that connects the optic nerve region to the lateral geniculate area

111
Q

Orbital Myositis

A

inflammation around the eye’s outside muscles

112
Q

Ossicle

A

a small bone found in the middle of the ear

113
Q

Otalgia

A

inflammation in the ear

114
Q

Otitis Media

A

an ear infection found in the middle ear or a spot located behind the eardrum

115
Q

Otomycosis

A

a fungal infection that develops in the auditory canal

116
Q

Otopyorrhea

A

a condition where pus comes out of the ear

117
Q

Otosclerosis

A

a condition where the tissues in the middle and inner ears are not functioning properly

118
Q

Otoscope

A

a tool used to analyze the inner ear

119
Q

Panuveitis

A

inflammation in the urea tract

120
Q

Papilledema

A

swelling in the optic disk

121
Q

Pupillary Distance

A

a measure of the distance between the pupils

122
Q

Periorbital Edema

A

a concern where the tissues surrounding the eyes swell due to fluid buildup

123
Q

PERRLA

A

a measure stating that the pupils are equal and regular and can react to light and accommodation

124
Q

Photalgia

A

pains in the eyes that are caused by intense light exposure

125
Q

Photophobia

A

an unusual case of light sensitivity in the eyes

126
Q

Photoretinitis

A

an injury to the retina

127
Q

Presbycusis

A

hearing loss that develops mainly among those who get older

128
Q

Presbyopia

A

a condition where the eye lens does not change shape very well

129
Q

Proptosis

A

a condition where the eye lens does not change shape very well

130
Q

Pseudophakia

A

when an intraocular lens appears after a cataract is surgically removed from the eye

131
Q

Ptosis

A

a concern where the upper eyelid droops

132
Q

Pupil

A

a small black spot in the iris

133
Q

Radial Keratotomy

A

a surgical procedure that reduces the intensity of nearsightedness

134
Q

Retina

A

a layer found on the inside part of the eye

135
Q

Retinitis

A

inflammation in the retina

136
Q

Retinopexy

A

a surgical procedure used to control retinal detachment

137
Q

Saccades

A

a sudden shift in how well the eyes can focus on certain things

138
Q

Saccule

A

a membrane sac that is found inside the vestibule along the inner ear– saccule contains a fluid that responds to sound vibrations and changes in gravity

139
Q

Sclera

A

a white part on the outside area of the eyeball

140
Q

Scleritis

A

an inflammation that develops in the sclera

141
Q

Scotoma

A

an area of declined vision within the visual field

142
Q

Scotopic

A

how the eye can conform to low light conditions

143
Q

Semicircular Canals

A

a series of canals that come out from the labyrinth

144
Q

Sensorineural Hearing Loss

A

the loss that develops due to hearing issues in the inner ear

145
Q

Snow Blindness

A

a condition where the eyes are damaged due to exposure to ultraviolet rays without protection

146
Q

Stapedectomy

A

surgical procedure on a state in the ear

147
Q

Stape

A

an ossicle found in the middle ear

148
Q

Strabismus

A

a condition where a person develops crossed eyes

149
Q

Stye

A

a bacterial inflammation that develops along with the gland on the end of an eyelash that is attached to the skin of the eyelid

150
Q

Tarsorrhaphy

A

when a part of the upper and lower eyelids are connected to each other

151
Q

Tears

A

a term for the fluids that are produced by the lacrimal glands

152
Q

Tectorial Membrane

A

a membrane in the cochlea that is alongside the basilar membrane

153
Q

Tinnitus

A

the sound that develops int e the head even when there is no outside sound in the area

154
Q

Tonometry

A

a test that identifies the fluid pressure or intraocular pressure inside the eye

155
Q

Trachoma

A

an infection that regularly develops in the conjunctiva and cornea

156
Q

Trichiasis

A

a growth of ingrown hair around a part of the face

157
Q

Tympanic Cavity

A

a small cavity that is found over the middle ear bone

158
Q

Tympanic Membrane

A

a small membrane that divides the outside ear canal from the tympanic cavity

159
Q

Tympanometry

A

a test of the middle ear to determine how well the eardrum functions

160
Q

Uvea

A

a pigmented part of the eye

161
Q

Uveal

A

relating to the uvea

162
Q

Uveitis

A

inflammation in the uvea

163
Q

Visual Activity

A

a measure of how sharp o person’s vision is

164
Q

Vertigo

A

a condition where a person feels dizzy and disoriented

165
Q

Vf

A

a reference to one’s field of vision

166
Q

Vitrectomy

A

a surgical procedure where the vitreous body in the eye is removed

167
Q

Vitreous Body

A

a gelatinous compound found in the cavity behind the eye lens and in front of the retina

168
Q

Xerophthalmia

A

a condition where dry eyes develop

Medical Terminology Words (14 decks)

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