The lymphatic and immune system Flashcards
anti-
against
carcin/o
cancerous
immun/o
immune, protection, safe
lymph/o
Lymph, lymphatic tissue
lymphaden/o
Lymph node or gland
neo-
new or strange
lymphangi/o
lymphatic vessel
ne/o
new or strange
-oma
tumor or neoplasm
sarc/o
flesh or connective tissue
phag/o
eat or swallow
onc/o
tumor
-plasm
Formative material of cells
splen/o
spleen
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
The most advanced and fatal stage of an HIV infection
tox/o
Poison, poisonous
allergen
A substance that produces an allergic reaction in an individual
-tic
pertaining to
anaphylaxis
A severe response to an allergen in which the symptoms develop quickly, and without help, the patient can die with in minutes
antibody
A disease-fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of a specific antigen
antibiotics
A medication that is capable of inhabiting the growth of or killing pathogenic bacterial microorganisms
antigen
Any substance that the body regards as foreign
anti-fungal
An agent that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi
antigen-antibody reaction
The binding of antigens to antibodies
bacilli
Rod-shape spore-forming bacteria
bacteria
A group of one celled microscopic organisms, some of which are pathogenic
autoimmune disorder
Any of a large group of diseases characterized by a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies to work against its own tissues, mistaking healthy cells, tissues, or organs for antigens
benign
not life threatening
candidiasis
An infection caused by yeast, a type of fungus
carcinoma
A malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue
carcinoma in situ
A malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded the surrounding tissues
complement system
A group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood in an inactive form. When needed, these cells complement the ability of antibodies to ward off pathogens by combining with them to dissolve and remove pathogenic bacteria and other foreign cells
cytotoxic drug
Medication that kills or damages cells
ductal carcinoma in situ
Breast cancer at its earliest stage, before the cancer has broken through the wall of the milk duct
cytomegalovirus
A group of large herpes-type viruses found in most body fluids and most often causing an infection without signs or symptoms. Can cause a serious illness when the individual has a weakened immune system or when passed from mother to unborn child
cytokines
A group of proteins such as interferons and interleukins released primarily by the T cells that act as intracellular signals to begin the immune response
herpes zoster
An acute viral infection characterized by painful skin eruption that follows the underlying rout of the inflamed nerve
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
A malignancy of the lymphatic system that is distinguished from non-hodgkins lymphoma by the presence of large, cancerous lymphocytes
hemolytic
Describes the function of destroying worn-out erythrocytes ( red blood cells) and releasing their hemoglobin for reuse
immunosuppressant
A substance the prevents or reduces the body’s normal immune response
immunoglobulins
Bind with specific antigens in the antigen-antibody response
human immunodeficiency virus
A blood born in which the virus damages or kills the T cells of the immune system
infiltrating ductal carcinoma
Breast cancer that starts in the milk duct, breaks through the wall of that duct, and invades the surrounding fatty breast tissue; known as invasive ductal carcinoma
immunotherapy
A treatment of disease by either stimulating or repressing the immune response
infectious mononucleosis
An infection caused by the Epstein- Barr virus (EBV) that is characterized by fever, a sore throat, and enlarged lymph nodes
interferons
Produced in response to the presence of antigens, particularly viruses, and signal other cells to increase their defenses
lymphadenopathy
And disease process affecting a lymph node or nodes
lymphedema
Swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissue
lymphangioma
A benign tumor formed by an abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels due to a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system
lymphocytes
One of three types of cells that are formed in bone marrow as stem cells that act as specialized antibodies
malaria
A disease caused by a parasite that lives in certain mosquitoes and is transferred to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito
lymphoma
A general term applied to malignancies affecting lymphoid tissue
macrophage
A type of leukocyte that surrounds and kills invading cells
lymphoscintigraphy
A diagnostic test to detect damage or malformation of the lymphatic vessels
malignant
becoming progressively worse and life threatening
myoma
A benign tumor made up of muscle tissue
metastasize
To spread from one place to another
metastasis
The process by which cancer is spread to a new site; may refer to the tumor itself
mammography
A radiographic examination of the breast to detect the presence of tumors or precancerous cells
myosarcoma
A malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue
osteosarcoma
A hard tissue sarcoma usually involving the upper shaft of long bones, the pelvis, or the knees
opportunistic infection
Caused by a pathogens that normally does not cause illness in healthy humans, but is able to cause an infection in a weakened host
non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
The term used to describe all lymphomas other than Hodgkin’s lymphoma
parasite
A plant or animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that organism
rabies
An acute viral infection to humans through the bite or saliva of an infected animal
rickettsia
Small bacteria that lives in lice, ticks, and mites that transmit infection to humans
rubella
A viral infection characterized by a low-grade fever, swollen glands, inflamed eyes, and a fine pink rash; also known as German measles or 3- day measles
sarcoma
A malignant tumor that arises from connective tissue; plural, sarcomas or sarcomata
splenomegaly
Abnormal enlargement of the spleen
staphylococci
Group of about 30 species of bacteria that form irregular group or cluster resembling grapes
spirochetes
Long, slender spiral shaped bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of movement
streptococci
Bacteria that form a chain
systemic reaction
A severe reaction to an allergen; also described as anaphylaxis or anaphylactic shock
teletherapy
Radiation therapy administered at a distance from the body that is precisely targeted with the use of three- dimensional computer imaging
varicella
A highly contagious disease caused by a herpes virus characterized by a fever and rash; also known as chickenpox
toxoplasmosis
A parasite that is most commonly transmitted from pets to humans by contact with contaminated animal feces
