Muscular System Flashcards
bi-
Two, twice, double,
-cele
Hernia, tumor, swelling.
dys-
Bad, difficult, or painful.
fasci/o
Fascia, fibrous band.
Fibr/o
Fibrous tissue, fiber.
-ia
Abnormal condition, disease, plural of - ium.
-ic
pertaining to
kines/o
Movement
Kinesi/o
movement
my/o
muscle
-plegia
Paralysis, Stroke
-rrhexis
Rupture
Tax/o
Coordination, order
Ten/o
Tendon, stretch out, extend, strain.
tend/o
Tendon, stretch out, extend, strain.
tendin/o
Tendon, stretch out, extend, strain
ton/o
Stretching, tension
Tri-
Three
abduction
Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.
adduction
Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body
adhesion
A band of fibrous tissue the holds structures together abnormally
atonic
Lacking normal muscle tone of strength
ataxia
The lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement
atrophy
Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures.
bradykinesia
Extreme slowness in movement
Carpel tunnel syndrome
Inflammation and swelling of the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel, which then creates pressure on the median nerve
chronic fatigue syndrome
A debilitating and complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue that is not improved by bed rest and may be made worse by physical or mental activity
circumduction
The circular movement at the far end of a limb
Contracture
The permanent tightening of facia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin the occurs when normally elastic connective tissue are replaced with non-elastic fibrous tissues.
dorsiflexion
Movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle
dyskinesia
Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement resulting in fragmented or jerky motions
dystonia
A condition of abnormal muscles tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement
electromyography
A diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation.
epicondylitis
Inflammation of the tissue surrounding the elbow
economics
The study of human factors the affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment.
exercise physiologist
A specialist who works under a physician’s supervision to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, and administer medical test to promote physical fitness.
fasciitis
inflammation of a fascia
fibromyalgia
A debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; diffuse or specific muscle, joint, bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms.
ganglion cyst
A harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist.
heel spur
A calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the heal bone.
hemiparesis
Slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body
hemiplegia
total paralysis affecting only one side of the body
hernia
The protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally containing it
hyperkinesia
Abnormally increased motor function or activity; also known as hyperactivity
hypotonia
A condition of diminished tone of the skeleton muscle.
impingement syndrome
Inflammation and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint
insertion
The point where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon
intermittent claudication
Pain in the leg muscles that occur during exercise and is relieved by rest
muscular dystrophy
A group of more than 30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system.
myasthenia gravis
A chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles.
myocele
The herniation (protrusion) of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.
myoclonus
The quick involuntary jerking of a muscle group or of muscles
myofascial release
A specialized soft tissue manipulation technique used t ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders, and carpel tunnel syndrome.
myolysis
the degeneration of muscle tissue
myoparesis
Weakness or slight muscular paralysis
myorrhaphy
surgical suturing of a muscle
neuromuscular
Pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and a muscle.
oblique
Slanted or at on angle
origin
The point where the muscle begins, located nearest the midline of the body or on a less movable part of the skeleton
paralysis
The loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply
paraplegia
Paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body.
physiatrist
A physician who specializes in the physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function
plantar fasciitis
Inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot, causing foot and heel pain when walking or running
polymyositis
A muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body
pronation
The act of rotating the arm or leg so the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot is turned downward or backward
quadriplegia
Paralysis of all four extremities
sarcopenia
The loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that come with aging
shin splint
A painful condition caused by the tibialis anterior muscle tearing away from the tibia (shin bone)
singultus
Myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound, also known as hiccups
sphincter
A ring like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway.
sprain
An injury to a joint, such as ankle, knee, or wrist, which usually occurs when a ligament is wrenched or torn.
tenodesis
The suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone
tenolysis
The release of a tendon from adhesion
tenorrhaphy
the surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon
tenosynovitis
An inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon
tenotomy
A surgical incision into a tendon
troticollis
A stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side; also known as a wryneck.
transverse
in a crosswise direction
