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THE LIVING WORLD Flashcards

1
Q

5 features that any living organisms have

A
  1. Growth
  2. Reproduction
  3. Metabolism
  4. Consciousness
  5. Cellular Organization
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2
Q

Asexual Rep. occurs in?

A
  1. Hydra
  2. Fungi
  3. Yeast
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3
Q

Organisms that do not reproduce?

A
  1. Mule (f. horse m.donkey)
  2. worker bees
  3. infertile human couples
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4
Q

Unicellular Multicellular (Growth)

A

G and R mutually inclusive
G and R mutually exclusive

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5
Q

Defining Features

A

Possessed by only living organisms.

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6
Q

Living and Non-living (Growth)

A
  1. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Growth
  2. irreversible and reversible Growth
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7
Q

Growth

A

increase in no. or mass of cells

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8
Q

Plants and Animals (Growth)

A
  1. localized and diffused
  2. indefinite and definite growth
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9
Q

Reproduction

A

Produce progeny of one’s own kind.

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10
Q

Consciousness

A

Ability to sense environment and respond to it.

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11
Q

Physical, Chemical and Biological Stimuli.

A
  1. H²O, temperature, ph
  2. Pollutants
  3. Photoperiod
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12
Q

Not consciousness but still living.

A

Coma patients, regarded as “Brain Dead”

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13
Q

Metabolism

A

Sum of all reaction in our body.
Can be demonstrated in a cell-free system.
These are living rxn that can be performed outside living body.

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14
Q

Catabolism and Anabolism

A
  1. Breaking down
  2. Building up
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15
Q

Cellular Organization

A

All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
Cells => Tissue => Organ => Organ sys
=> Organism

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16
Q

Most obvious feature in living organisms.

A

Consciousness

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17
Q

Classification

A

Process of grouping into different categories based on easily observable characters.

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18
Q

Systematics.

A

Study of different kinds of organisms, their diversities and the relations between them.

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19
Q

Number of discovered species ?

A

1.7-1.8 M

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20
Q

Biodiversity?

A

Number and Type of species present on the earth

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21
Q

Taxonomy

A

Branch of science that deals with classification of living organisms based on easy observable characteristics. It is the science of theories and procedures of:
1. Characterization
2. Identification
3. Classification
4. Nomenclature

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22
Q

Nomenclature for Plants and Animals

A
  1. International Code for Botanical Nomenclature.
  2. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
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23
Q

Father of Taxonomy

A

Carolus Linnaeus

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24
Q

Genus and Species
1. Case
2. Language
3. Font
4. Underlinings
5. Founders name

A
  1. Uppercase and Lowercase
  2. Latin
  3. Italics
  4. If written by hand
  5. Abbreviated without italic font
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25
Taxon
Aka Rank. Different categories that together make up the Taxonomical Hierarchy
26
Taxonomical Hierarchy
Kingdom Phylum/Division Class Order Family Genus Species
27
Genus
Group of related species Panthera Leo Panthera Tigris Panthera pardus (leopard) Solanum tuberosum ( potato) Solanum melongena (Brinjal) Solanum lycosperidum (Tomato)
28
Family
Group of Related Genus Felidae => cats panthers Solanceae => Datura Petunia Solanum
29
Order
Group of related families Carnivora => Felidae Canidae Polynomials => Convulaceae solanaceae
30
Class
Group of related orders Mammalia => Carnivora Primata (man, ape, monkey)
31
Phylum/Division
Plants/animals Chordata => Mammalian Reptilia Amphibia Aves
32
MAN (TH)
Chordata Mammalia Primata Hominidae Homo Sapiens
33
Wheat (TH)
Angiosperms Monocotyledonae Poales Poaceae Triticum Aestivum
34
Animals
Chordata Aves Columbifermes Columbidae Columba Livia
35
Plants
Angiosperms Dictolyledonae Solanales Solanaceae Solanum Melongena
36
MANGO
Angiosperms Dicotyledonae Sapindales Anacardiaceae Magnifera Indica
37
Housefly
Arthropoda Insecta Diptera Sapindales Muscidae Musica Domestica
38
Suffix used for units of classification in plants that indicates a taxonomic category of family
Aceae
39
Genus represents: 1) Indivual p or a 2) Collection of p or a 3) Group if closely related species of p or a
3
40
Defining characteristic of living organisms. 1) Growth 2) Reproduction 3) Ability to make sound 4) Ability to respond to external stimuli
4)
41
Species => Kingdom. Common characters?
Decrease
42
Biological starts at what level? 1) Cellular 2) Atomic
Cellular
43
Aristotle is associated with what book?
Scala Naturae
44
Father of Taxonomy
Carolus Linnaeus
45
Arrangement of taxa
Hierarchy
46
Linnaean system of classification was based on?
Morphology
47
Highest number of species in nature are
Insects
48
Largest grain species variety in India
Rice
49
Kingdom=> Species is descending or Ascending
Descending
50
Canis Familiaris (Remember)
Domestic dog
51
Who pioneered the now accept Def. Of biological species?
Ernst Mayer
52
Balzaan Prize won in
1983
53
Crafoord Prize won in
1999
54
International Prize for Biology won in
1994
55
Which phyllum shows Max. Diversity
Kingdom
56
Which phyllum shows more general characters?
Kingdom
57
Which phyllum shows maximum similarities?
Species
58
Which phyllum shows least general characters?
Species
59
Binomial meaning?
Bi = 2 nomial = name
60
Classification above kingdom
Domain = 3 Archae, bacteria, eukarya
61
Poaceae (F of Wheat) aka:
Gramineae
62
Properties of tissues arise due to?
Interaction between the constituents of those cells that make up the tissue
63
Higher the category, ____ is the difficulty of determining the relationship to other taxa at the same level.
Greater

BIOLOGY (4 decks)

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