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BIOLOGY > THE LIVING WORLD > Flashcards

THE LIVING WORLD Flashcards

1
Q

5 features that any living organisms have

A
  1. Growth
  2. Reproduction
  3. Metabolism
  4. Consciousness
  5. Cellular Organization
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2
Q

Asexual Rep. occurs in?

A
  1. Hydra
  2. Fungi
  3. Yeast
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3
Q

Organisms that do not reproduce?

A
  1. Mule (f. horse m.donkey)
  2. worker bees
  3. infertile human couples
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4
Q

Unicellular Multicellular (Growth)

A

G and R mutually inclusive
G and R mutually exclusive

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5
Q

Defining Features

A

Possessed by only living organisms.

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6
Q

Living and Non-living (Growth)

A
  1. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Growth
  2. irreversible and reversible Growth
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7
Q

Growth

A

increase in no. or mass of cells

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8
Q

Plants and Animals (Growth)

A
  1. localized and diffused
  2. indefinite and definite growth
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9
Q

Reproduction

A

Produce progeny of one’s own kind.

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10
Q

Consciousness

A

Ability to sense environment and respond to it.

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11
Q

Physical, Chemical and Biological Stimuli.

A
  1. H²O, temperature, ph
  2. Pollutants
  3. Photoperiod
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12
Q

Not consciousness but still living.

A

Coma patients, regarded as “Brain Dead”

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13
Q

Metabolism

A

Sum of all reaction in our body.
Can be demonstrated in a cell-free system.
These are living rxn that can be performed outside living body.

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14
Q

Catabolism and Anabolism

A
  1. Breaking down
  2. Building up
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15
Q

Cellular Organization

A

All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
Cells => Tissue => Organ => Organ sys
=> Organism

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16
Q

Most obvious feature in living organisms.

A

Consciousness

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17
Q

Classification

A

Process of grouping into different categories based on easily observable characters.

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18
Q

Systematics.

A

Study of different kinds of organisms, their diversities and the relations between them.

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19
Q

Number of discovered species ?

A

1.7-1.8 M

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20
Q

Biodiversity?

A

Number and Type of species present on the earth

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21
Q

Taxonomy

A

Branch of science that deals with classification of living organisms based on easy observable characteristics. It is the science of theories and procedures of:
1. Characterization
2. Identification
3. Classification
4. Nomenclature

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22
Q

Nomenclature for Plants and Animals

A
  1. International Code for Botanical Nomenclature.
  2. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
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23
Q

Father of Taxonomy

A

Carolus Linnaeus

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24
Q

Genus and Species
1. Case
2. Language
3. Font
4. Underlinings
5. Founders name

A
  1. Uppercase and Lowercase
  2. Latin
  3. Italics
  4. If written by hand
  5. Abbreviated without italic font
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25
Q

Taxon

A

Aka Rank. Different categories that together make up the Taxonomical Hierarchy

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26
Q

Taxonomical Hierarchy

A

Kingdom
Phylum/Division
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

27
Q

Genus

A

Group of related species
Panthera Leo
Panthera Tigris
Panthera pardus (leopard)

Solanum tuberosum ( potato)
Solanum melongena (Brinjal)
Solanum lycosperidum (Tomato)

28
Q

Family

A

Group of Related Genus
Felidae => cats panthers
Solanceae => Datura Petunia Solanum

29
Q

Order

A

Group of related families
Carnivora => Felidae Canidae
Polynomials => Convulaceae solanaceae

30
Q

Class

A

Group of related orders
Mammalia => Carnivora Primata (man, ape, monkey)

31
Q

Phylum/Division

A

Plants/animals
Chordata => Mammalian Reptilia Amphibia Aves

32
Q

MAN (TH)

A

Chordata
Mammalia
Primata
Hominidae
Homo
Sapiens

33
Q

Wheat (TH)

A

Angiosperms
Monocotyledonae
Poales
Poaceae
Triticum
Aestivum

34
Q

Animals

A

Chordata
Aves
Columbifermes
Columbidae
Columba
Livia

35
Q

Plants

A

Angiosperms
Dictolyledonae
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Melongena

36
Q

MANGO

A

Angiosperms
Dicotyledonae
Sapindales
Anacardiaceae
Magnifera
Indica

37
Q

Housefly

A

Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sapindales
Muscidae
Musica
Domestica

38
Q

Suffix used for units of classification in plants that indicates a taxonomic category of family

39
Q

Genus represents:
1) Indivual p or a
2) Collection of p or a
3) Group if closely related species of p or a

40
Q

Defining characteristic of living organisms.
1) Growth
2) Reproduction
3) Ability to make sound
4) Ability to respond to external stimuli

41
Q

Species => Kingdom. Common characters?

42
Q

Biological starts at what level?
1) Cellular
2) Atomic

43
Q

Aristotle is associated with what book?

A

Scala Naturae

44
Q

Father of Taxonomy

A

Carolus Linnaeus

45
Q

Arrangement of taxa

46
Q

Linnaean system of classification was based on?

A

Morphology

47
Q

Highest number of species in nature are

48
Q

Largest grain species variety in India

49
Q

Kingdom=> Species is descending or Ascending

A

Descending

50
Q

Canis Familiaris (Remember)

A

Domestic dog

51
Q

Who pioneered the now accept Def. Of biological species?

A

Ernst Mayer

52
Q

Balzaan Prize won in

53
Q

Crafoord Prize won in

54
Q

International Prize for Biology won in

55
Q

Which phyllum shows Max. Diversity

56
Q

Which phyllum shows more general characters?

57
Q

Which phyllum shows maximum similarities?

58
Q

Which phyllum shows least general characters?

59
Q

Binomial meaning?

A

Bi = 2 nomial = name

60
Q

Classification above kingdom

A

Domain = 3
Archae, bacteria, eukarya

61
Q

Poaceae (F of Wheat) aka:

62
Q

Properties of tissues arise due to?

A

Interaction between the constituents of those cells that make up the tissue

63
Q

Higher the category, ____ is the difficulty of determining the relationship to other taxa at the same level.

BIOLOGY (4 decks)

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