The Liver Flashcards
Adult polycystic kidney disease is also known as what?
autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
What is the occlusion of the hepatic veins? What can it also occlude if progressed?
Budd Chiari syndrome
Can occlude IVC as well
Dysentery is:
inflammation of the bowel which leads to diarrhea which may contain mucus or blood
What is hemochromatosis?
An inherited disease which causes a disproportion of iron absorption
Which 2 liver masses are associated with oral contraception use?
adenoma and FNH
What’s the primary form of liver cancer?
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Are hepatomas benign or malignant?
Malignant. Associated with HCC
What are the macrophage cells called that engulf pathogens and damaged cells?
Kupffer
What does sequela mean?
An illness resulting from another disease, trauma or injury
What does TIPS stand for? What does it do?
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt
Creates a pathway between PV and HV’s.
The quadrate lobe is ?
The medial left lobe
The portal vein supplies the liver with how much blood?
70%
What can cause fatty liver disease?
Alcohol abuse Chemotherapy Diabetes Obesity Pregnancy Glycogen Store Disease
What can hepatitis lead to?
Cirrhosis, hypertension and HCC
What is the most common hepatitis and how is it spread?
A + B
A- fecal oral route
B- contaminated body fluids
GB wall can appear how with hepatitis?
thickened
Is there a difference between cirrhosis caused by alcoholism or hepatitis?
Yes, alcoholism causes nodules <1cm and hepatitis causes macronodular development 1-5cm
What’s the most common cause of hypertension?
Cirrhosis
Where would you see abdominal varicosities with someone with portal hypertension?
splenic hilum, renal hilum and gastroesophageal junction
What are the clinical findings of Budd Chiari syndrome?
ascites elevated LFT's hepatomegaly splenomegaly upper abdo pain
Liver cysts are often associated with?
ADPKD
“Water lily” sign or daughter cysts are an indicator of what?
Echinococcal cyst or hydatid cyst
HCC aka
Hepatoma
What organ does liver mets most often come from?
Lung
What separates the left and right lobes of the liver?
MHV and MLF
What separates the caudate lobe from the rest of the liver?
Ligamentum venosum
What surrounds the liver?
Glisson’s capsule
Acinus is what? (hint: nothing to do with lungs)
Terminal branches of the PV and their accompanying hepatic arterioles and bile ducts
Can one survive with agenesis of the liver?
No – but can survive without one lobe
Are hamartoma’s benign or malignant? What do they appear as?
Benign– typically small and hypoechoic and can be mistaken for metastatic nodules
Comet tail artifact
What does acute hepatitis appear as on ultrasound?
Decreased echogenicity and accentuated brightness of portal triads
Hepatomegaly
Thickening of GB wall
What’s the tumor marker for HCC?
AFP
The main lobar fissure contains the:
MHV
