the Link Between Population + Development

Question 1

What global developments have led to an inc. in life expectancy over time?

Answer 1

• healthcare
• education
• better hygiene

Question 2

How is high levels of eco. dev. linked to life expectancy?

Answer 2

• LE higher in HICs (e.g. Canada + Japan w LE = 80-85) that are more dev. due to:
  
  • stable food supply + better nutrition as economy dev.
  • higher incomes giving more choice to improve lifestyle + health
  • better working conditions (e.g. manual labour replaced by mechanisation)
  • taxation able to cover cost of public services + healthcare

Question 3

How is low levels of eco. dev. linked to life expectancy?

Answer 3

• LICs (e.g. Sub-Saharan African countries) have lowest LEs due to:
  
  • issues related to poor food supply + limited access to food
  • high rates of IM (due to disease, poor sanitation)
  • limited access to medical infrastructure/health care
  • lack of resources to control + treat disease
  • limited provision for pensions/social security, so poverty

Question 4

How is dev. linked to infant mortality rates?

Answer 4

• as eco. dev. inc. IM falls due to:
  
  • greater wealth to invest in health care - pre + post birth, more medicines
  • higher female education so mothers more aware of best approaches to childcare
  • food security + better diets so less malnutrition + illness
  • improved sanitation + access to clean water so less infections, illness + dehydration (often fatal to newborns)
  • improved transport so healthcare can reach remote areas
  • fewer epidemics + pests