The Knee

Question 1

bones in the knee

Answer 1

femur
tibia
patella

Question 2

2 joints of the knee

Answer 2

patellafemoral
tibiofemoral

Question 3

how to know anterior view

Answer 3

fibula at back

Question 4

knee ligaments

Answer 4

anterior cruciate ligament (in front)
posterior (back)
colateral ligaments (sides)

Question 5

anterior cruciate ligament function

Answer 5

stops anterior movement of tibia

Question 6

posterior cruciate ligament function

Answer 6

stops posterior movement of tibia

Question 7

lateral colateral ligament

Answer 7

prevents bow leg

Question 8

media colateral ligament

Answer 8

prevent knocked knee

Question 9

menisci structure

Answer 9

lateral and medial
medial and medial colateral

Question 10

menisci function

Answer 10

stability
lubrication
shock absorb

Question 11

type of bone the patella is

Answer 11

sesamoid (embedded in quad and patella tendon)

Question 12

patella function

Answer 12

protection from compression
protects anterior knee structure from trauma
acts as lever (increases level are of quads)
increases torque of quads by increasing distance from axis motion
10-30% contribution to quads torque

Question 13

pelvis bones

Answer 13

ilium
ischium
pubis

Question 14

acetabulum

Answer 14

where the 3 bones of pelvis come together

Question 15

iliac crest

Answer 15

top of pelvis

Question 16

iliac spine structure

Answer 16

ASIS at top
AIIS at bottom

Question 17

head of femur articulates with

Answer 17

acetabulum

Question 18

greater trochanter is …

Answer 18

lateral

Question 19

lesser trochanter is …

Answer 19

medial

Question 20

at back of femur is

Answer 20

linea aspera where bone comes to a point (ridge of femur)

Question 21

quadriceps muscle

Answer 21

rectus femoris (up along femur, origin AIIS)
vastus medialis (big on inside, origin medial femur)
vastus intermedius (hidden deep)
vastus lateralis (laterally, origin greater trochanter)

Question 22

hamstring muscles

Answer 22

bicep femoris (2 heads, long head = movement of hip and knee)
semitendinosus (long tendon of insertion)
semi membranosus (more medial)

Question 23

other knee flexors

Answer 23

gastrocnemius
popliteus (lateral condyle origin pulling at angle = internal rotation)
sartorius (knee flexion and hip movement)
gracilis (pubis to knee)

Question 24

biarticular muscles kinesiology

Answer 24

when a activated it attempts to shorten (pull origin closer to insertion)
so
applying equal force at O and I generates torque at both ends

Question 25

malalignments of knee - q angle

Answer 25

angle of line of pull of quads
from ASIS to midpoint of patella
line drawn from midpoint of patella and the tibial tuberosity

Question 26

q angle male vs female

Answer 26

male = 12-13 degrees
female = 16-18

Question 27

malalignment - valgus

Answer 27

knocked knee

Question 28

malalignment - varus

Answer 28

bow legged

Question 29

chondromalacia patella

Answer 29

mist racking of patella and damage to patellofemoral cartilage (anterior knee pain)

Question 30

risk factors for chondromalacia patella

Answer 30

genu valgum (high q angle)
pronation
high patella
weak vastus medialis

Question 31

ACL rupture

Answer 31

70% non contact
excessive anterior tibial translation
cutting or landing movements
relatively extended knee
some knee valgus
internal tibia rotation
soon after ground contact