Spine and abdominal region

Question 1

key joints in the spine

Answer 1

atlanto-occipital joint
atlantoaxial joint
intervertebral joint
lumbosacral joint

Question 2

atlanto-occipital joint

Answer 2

between atlas and occipital condyles of skull

Question 3

atlantoaxial joint

Answer 3

between atlas and axis

Question 4

intervertebral joint

Answer 4

slightly moveable joint

Question 5

lumbosacral joint

Answer 5

spine meets sacrum

Question 6

how many cervical vertebrae are there

Answer 6

7

Question 7

how many thoracic vertebrae are there

Answer 7

12

Question 8

how many lumbar vertebrae are there

Answer 8

5

Question 9

lumbar movements

Answer 9

flexion
extension
rotation
lateral flexion

Question 10

how does the rectus abdominis contribute to lumber movement

Answer 10

flexion = both sides
lateral flexion left = left side
right opposite

Question 11

external oblique function

Answer 11

lumbar rotation to opposite side
lateral flexion same side

Question 12

internal oblique function

Answer 12

lumbar rotation same side
lateral flexion same side

Question 13

transverse abdominis function

Answer 13

contributes to forced expiration by pulling wall inwards maintaining pressure

Question 14

posterior muscles of spine

Answer 14

erector spinae
spinalis
longissimus
iliocostalis

lop across and insert inc sample place as origin but on different vertebrae

Question 15

insertion and origin of quadratus lumborum

Answer 15

I = 12th rib
O = posterior inner lip of iliac crest

Question 16

core stability

Answer 16

ability for muscles of abdomen to maintain a stable balanced abdomen and pelvis

Question 17

core instability can cause what

Answer 17

unwanted movements of pelvis and lumbar spine

Question 18

role of core stability

Answer 18

support spine
reduce load on spine
acts as a rigid block

Question 19

IAP

Answer 19

intra-abdominal pressure

Question 20

risk of lower back pain

Answer 20

poor posture
muscle imbalance
poor core stability

Question 21

facet joints

Answer 21

where ribs interact with vertebrae and adjacent vertebrae

Question 22

spinous process

Answer 22

out back

Question 23

ideal posture

Answer 23

ear
shoulder
greater trochanter of hip
knee
ankle

Question 24

ideal posture (anterior)

Answer 24

neutral head
level shoulders
level pelvis
no excessive valgus/varus
no pronation or supination of feet

Question 25

spine deviation

Answer 25

kyphosis
lordosis
scoliosis

Question 26

kyphosis

Answer 26

forward head position
hyperextension in cervic region
weak neck flexors

Question 27

lordosis

Answer 27

hyperextension lumbar region
strong or tight extensors
weak flexors
hamstrings pull back of pelvis

Question 28

scoliosis

Answer 28

uneven shoulders
head doesn’t fall in line with feet

Question 29

lumbar flexion causes …

Answer 29

anterior pelvic rotation

Question 30

lumbar extension causes …

Answer 30

posterior pelvic rotation

Question 31

anterior pelvic rotation causes …

Answer 31

lumbar extension

Question 32

posterior pelvic rotation causes…

Answer 32

lumbar flexion

Question 33

insertion and origin of rectus abdominis

Answer 33

I = cartilage of 5 6 and 7th rib
O=crest of pubis

Question 34

tendinous inscriptions

Answer 34

allows activation of specific parts of rectus abdominis only
greater control

Question 35

origin and insertion for obliques

Answer 35

external
O=lower 8 ribs
I=anterior half of crest of ilium

internal
O=anterior 2/3 of crest of ilium
I=costal cartilages of 8 9 10th ribs

Question 36

transverse abdominis origin and insertion

Answer 36

O=inner surface cartilage of lower 6 ribs
I=crest of pubis