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Lower Limb > The Knee > Flashcards

The Knee Flashcards

1
Q

The knee joint is a …… joint

A

Hinge

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2
Q

What are the articulations?

A

Tibiofemoral and Patellofemoral joints

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3
Q

What bones articulate at tibiofemoral joint?

A

Lateral and medial condyle of the femur and tibial plateaus.

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4
Q

What bones articulate at Patellofemoral joint?

A

Paella and femur

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5
Q

What is the screw home mechanism?

A

Standing and locking the knee, the femur rotates medially relative to the tibia. This locked position is released by popliteal muscle to allow flexion.

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6
Q

Close packed position of the knee

A

This is full extension
Maximum contact
Capsule and ligaments tense
Interaction between collateral and cruciate ligaments

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7
Q

Loose packed position of the knee

A 
Extension of the knee 
Partial contact 
Capsule and ligaments are lax 
Allows tibiofemoral rotation 
Allows adduction and abduction
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8
Q

Medial collateral ligament origin and insertion

A

O- femoral attachment medial epicondyle

I- tibial attachment proximal tibia periosteum

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9
Q

Lateral collateral origin and insertion

A

O- lateral epicondyle

I-lateral femur head

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10
Q

What ligament does valgus stress test assess?

A

used to assess the integrity of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) of the knee.

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11
Q

What ligament does varus stress test assess?

A

Lateral collateral ligament

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12
Q

MCL function

A

To prevent the leg from extending too far inward, but it also helps keep the knee stable and allows it to rotate. I

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13
Q

LCL function

A

Joint stability

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14
Q

Anterior cruciate ligament origin and insertion

A

From anterior intercondylar region of tibia blending with medial meniscus
Posteriorly attaching to femur in interchondylar fossa

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15
Q

Posterior cruciate ligament origin and insertion

A

Attaches from posterior interchondylar region of tibia

Anteriorly attaching to femoral condyle

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16
Q

What and where are the 4 patella bursae?

A

Semisembranosus bursae- behind knee
Prepatella bursa- behind
Infrapatella bursae- behind
Suprapatella bursae- above

17
Q

menisci attachments

A

Lies on the surface of the medial and tibial plateau.

transverse ligament connects the medial and lateral meniscus anteriorly

18
Q

Muscles for Extension of the knee

A 
Quads- 
Vastus lateralis 
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis
Recuts femoris
19
Q

Muscles for flexion of knee

A

Hamstrings- semimembanosus, semitendanosus, bicep femoris
Gastrocnemius
Sartorius
Gracilis

20
Q

Muscles for lateral rotation

A

Bicep femoris

21
Q

Muscles for medial rotation

A 
Semitendanosus
Semibembranosus
Gracilis 
Sartorius 
Popliteus
22
Q

What is the popliteal fossa

A

Space behind the knee joint its the main pathway for vessels and nerves between thigh and lower leg

Lower Limb (7 decks)

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