The Kidney

Question 1

Role of the Kidneys

Answer 1

Remove impurities and waste products from the blood
Useful substances are reabsorbed into the blood (selective reabsorbtion)

Question 2

What is removed from the body in urine?

Answer 2

Urea
Ions
Water

Question 3

Urea

Answer 3

Proteins (and the amino acids that they are broken down into) are converted to fats and carbs which can be stores. Occurs in the liver and is called deamination
Ammonia is produced as a waste product and is toxic, so is filtered out of the blood in urine

Question 4

Ions in the endocrine system

Answer 4

If ion content is wrong, it can upset the ion and water balance so too little/too much water is drawn into cells by osmosis
Some ions are lost in sweat but majority are filtered out in urine

Question 5

Water in the endocrine system

Answer 5

Lose water in breathing and sweat
excess water is removed as urine

Question 6

AHD

Answer 6

Anti-diuretic hormone is released by pituitary gland
Controls the concentration of urine in negative feedback

Question 7

Dialysis

Answer 7

Machine that filters blood to act as a kidney
used 3 times a week and can take up to 4 hours
can cause blood clots or infection
buy time for a transplant

Question 8

Kidney Transplant

Answer 8

Organ donor donates a kidney
Could be rejected so is treated with immunosupressants
Cheaper on the long run