Breeding

Question 1

What is selective breeding?

Answer 1

When humans artificially select plants or animals to breed so characteristics remain in a population

Question 2

Why do we selectively breed?

Answer 2

Animals that produce more meat or milk
Crops that are disease resistant
Dogs with good tempermants
Decorative plants

Question 3

How long does selective breeding take?

Answer 3

Several generations

Question 4

What is genetic engineering?

Answer 4

Transering the desirable gene from one organism to another

Question 5

GM crops

Answer 5

Crops that are genetically modified to be disease-resistant, improve size or quality of fruits or be resistant to insects

Question 6

GM Bacteria

Answer 6

Used to produce human insulin

Question 7

What is plant cloning?

Answer 7

When plants are clones to e genetically identical
Can be done by tissue culture (Plant cells put into a growth medium with hormones to grow into new plants that are clones of the parents plants)
Can be done by cutttings (Cuttings from plants with added hormones to grow from the base of the cutting)

Question 8

Animal clones

Answer 8

Egg and sperm meet artifically and the embryo is the clones (before cells specialise)

Question 9

Adult cell cloning

Answer 9

The nucleus is removed and replaced with the nucleus from and adult body cell which causes electrical shock and the cells divide like a normal embryo
This is then implanted into a woman’s womb to be a clone of the original adult body cell (Dolly the Sheep)

Question 10

Issues with cloning

Answer 10

Reduced gene pool
Might not be as healthy as normal ones
Worried humans might be clones

Question 11

Pros of cloning

Answer 11

Replace endangered species
Study can lead to greater understanding of the embryo