The Integumentary System

Question 1

Epidermis: basal layer

Answer 1

Melanocytes produce pigment granules containing melanin, which gives colour to the skin

Hemidesmosomes attach epidermis to the dermis

Merkel cells or sensory cells, which respond to touch

Question 2

Epidermis: prickle cell layer:

Answer 2

Keratin production begins
Layer contains 8 to 10 cell layers
Desmosomes appear as prickly, spy, like projections

Question 3

Epidermis: granular layer:

Answer 3

Sells lose their nuclear and begin to die
Cell functions begin to decrease
Cells look like tiny, granny was more of a flat shape due to keratinisation

Question 4

Epidermis: clear layer;

Answer 4

Transparent souls
Most apparent and thick skin on palms of the hands in soles of the feet
Epidermal ridges on fingertips and fingerprints

Question 5

Epidermis: horny layer:

Answer 5

Thomas layer of skin
Protected by an acid mantle, which is a mixture of oil, secreted by Sabatus oil glands in water excreted by sweat glands
Keratin cells are constantly being shared (desquamation)
Cells are constantly replace from the layer beneath

Question 6

Remember these two glands!!

Answer 6

1. Endocrine- release secretions into blood e.g. thyroid
2. Exocrine- Sudoriferous glands, sebaceous glands.

Sudoriferous glands contain Eccrine and Apocrine.

*Eccrine is most abundant on forehead, palms of hands and soles of feet
Not associated with hair follicles
Open directly onto skin surface

• Apocrine glands located under arms in genitals and nipples
  Larger
  Open into a hair follicle
  Become active during puberty
  Secrete a milky odourless fluid

Question 7

Subcutaneous layer:

Answer 7

Protective cushion/ shock absorber that protects the bones, underlying tissues and muscles
Supports blood vessels and nerve endings
And gives contour and shape to the body

Contains:
Collagen and elastin
Large blood vessels
Fat cells

Contains three types of tissue :
Areolar
Adipose
Reticular