The integumentary system

Question 1

superior/inferior

Answer 1

superior-toward the head end of the body

inferior-away from the head

Question 2

anterior/posterior

Answer 2

anterior-means near or towards the front of something

posterior-further back in position; of or nearer the rear or hind end

Question 3

superficial/deep

Answer 3

superficial-one structure is located more externally than another, or closer to the surface of the body
deep- located on the inside of the body/structure

Question 4

lateral/medial

Answer 4

lateral-away from the midline of the body

medial-s a position toward the midline of the body

Question 5

proximal/distal

Answer 5

proximal-toward or nearest the trunk or the point of origin of a part
distal-away from or farthest from the trunk or the point or origin of a part

Question 6

Cell Membrane

Answer 6

Controls what goes in and out of cell

Question 7

Nucleus

Answer 7

brain of the cell

Question 8

Cytoplasm

Answer 8

hold other organelles in place

Question 9

Mitochondria

Answer 9

makes energy

Question 10

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 10

packages proteins

Question 11

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 11

transports proteins

Question 12

Ribosomes

Answer 12

makes proteins

Question 13

Lysosome

Answer 13

disposes of waste

Question 14

Epithelial Tissue

Answer 14

Sheets of cells that cover the exterior surfaces of the body

Question 15

Nervous tissue

Answer 15

Allows the propagation of electrochemical signals in the form of nerve impulses that communicate between different regions of the body

Question 16

Muscle tissue

Answer 16

Responds to stimulation and contracts to provide movement, and occurs as three major types:
Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac

Question 17

Connective tissue

Answer 17

Binds the cells and organs of the body together and functions in the protection, support, and integration of all parts of the body

Question 18

hair

Answer 18

hair has various functions such as protection against external factors, sebum, apocrine sweat and pheromones production and thermoregulation
(superior)

Question 19

hair follicle

Answer 19

A hair follicle anchors each hair into the skin (superior )

Question 20

hair root

Answer 20

The main function of root hairs is the uptake of water and nutrients from the rhizosphere (superior)

Question 21

nails

Answer 21

The nail functions by protecting the digits and contributing to tactile sensation (superior extremity)

Question 22

Lunula

Answer 22

The lunula has a primary structural role in defining the free edge of the distal nail plate (superior extremity)

Question 23

cuticle

Answer 23

The cuticle is a diffusion barrier limiting water and solute transport across the apoplast and for its protection of the plant against chemical and mechanical damage, as well as pest and pathogen attack (superior extremity)

Question 24

Nail root

Answer 24

It produces most of the volume of the nail and the nail bed.(superior extremity)

Question 25

Pores

Answer 25

They allow sweat and oil to escape through your skin(superficial)

Question 26

Apocrine Sweat glands

Answer 26

They continuously secrete a fatty sweat into the gland tubule (superficial)

Question 27

Eccrine Sweat glands

Answer 27

They primarily by stabilizing body temperature (superficial)

Question 28

Epidermis

Answer 28

It provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone(superficial)

Question 29

Dermis

Answer 29

It supports and protects the skin and deeper layers(superficial)

Question 30

Hypodermis

Answer 30

It provides the main structural support for the skin(deep)

Question 31

Keratin

Answer 31

Keratin helps form the tissues of the hair, nails, and the outer layer of the skin. (superficial)

Question 32

Keratinocyte

Answer 32

It is important for the formation of the epidermal water barrier by making and secreting lipids(superficial)

Question 33

Stratum basale

Answer 33

Home to melanocytes that produce melanin(deep)

Question 34

Stratum spinosum

Answer 34

It is responsible for the skin’s strength and flexibility.(deep)

Question 35

Stratum granulosum

Answer 35

It helps to form a waterproof barrier that functions to prevent fluid loss from the body(superficial)

Question 36

Stratum lucidum

Answer 36

Stratum lucidum is to protect the skin in areas most common to damage(superficial)

Question 37

Stratum corneum

Answer 37

Is the barrier that prevents unwanted materials from entering, and excessive loss of water from exiting the body(superficial)

Question 38

Thick Skin

Answer 38

It provides protection from damage in areas that experience more friction and abrasion(superficial)

Question 39

Thin Skin

Answer 39

It helps to protect against infections, regulate temperature, and allows hair to grow.(superficial)

Question 40

Function #1 - Protection

Answer 40

The skin protects the rest of the body from the basic elements of nature such as wind, water, and UV sunlight.

Question 41

Function #2 - Sensory Function

Answer 41

The skin acts as a sense organ because the epidermis, dermis, and the hypodermis contain specialized sensory nerve structures that detect touch, surface temperature, and pain.

Question 42

Function #3 - Thermoregulation

Answer 42

The sympathetic nervous system is continuously monitoring body temperature and initiating appropriate motor responses.

Question 43

Function #4 - Vitamin D Synthesis

Answer 43

The epidermal layer of human skin synthesizes vitamin D when exposed to UV radiation. In the presence of sunlight, a form of vitamin D3 called cholecalciferol is synthesized in the skin.