The importance of evidence Flashcards
is evidence based medicine the reason behind clinical decision making?
no, it is a tool but not the only factor
what is the hierarchy of studies?
systemic review and meta analysis randomized controlled trails cohort studies case controlled ecological cross sectional studies case report
what is a systematic review and meta analysis
need a large sample size
results of smaller studies are pooled to give a larger study
these are analysed and compared in meta-analysis
what is a randomized control study?
select people you wand to compare
large sample size
placebo
VERY EXPENSIVE!
what is a cohort study?
groups BEFORE they have developed a condition
add exposure and follow up
what is a case-controlled study?
compare people with outcome and control group and trace back to see what exposures they had
what is an ecological study?
descriptive study
uses correlations
what is a cross sectional study?
based on data collected regularly e.g. surveys/census
what is a case report?
based on a single case
useful in picking new syndromes
why does EBM matter to clinicians?
patient care and safety
medical knowledge
professionalism
revalidation
what happened with MMR vaccinations?
combined vaccine given in 2 stages introduced in 1988 suggested side effects = autism BUT, chance, bias and confounding = vaccine reinstated
