International Health Flashcards
what is Shistosomiasis?
affects the poorest of the poorest
- worm lays eggs in blood vessels
- eggs travel to the bladder
- hatch = larvae
how many daily adjusted life years are lost form neglected tropical diseases?
56.6 million
what chronic problems are caused by Shistosomiasis?
inflammation and fibrosis of bladder, liver, colon, spleen, lungs
what are the life threatening consequences of Shistosomiasis?
bladder cancer, portal hypertension
what treatment is available for Shistosomiasis?
praziquantel
what are soil transmitted helminth infections?
decrease performance in children
how can soil transmitted helminth parasites be treated?
mebendazole and albendazole
what is river blindness?
37 million onchocerciasis blackfly vector causes blindness and severe skin disease MECTIZAN = TREATMENT
what is lymphatic filariasis?
40 million
transmitted by mosquitoes
use albendazole to treat
what is blinding trachoma?
greatest cause of preventable blindness
use ZITHROMAX to treat
what strategies do we have to prevent NTDs?
mass drug administration
not possible to diagnose and treat as too expensive
can target some people e.g. school children for schistosomiasis
how do we control NTDs?
mapping
health education
training at all levels
distribution of drugs
what is dengue and how was it controlled?
mosquito bourne
still spreading
diagnosis
vector control
research
vaccine to come
what is rabies and how was it controlled?
dog bites, once develop symptoms = death
vaccine for dogs and humans
manage dogs
what is leprosy and how was it controlled?
skin disease, highly infectious
early detection
reduces stigma
research
