the impact of sport on society Flashcards
socialisation
a lifelong process where members of a society learn its norms, values, ideas practices and roles in order to take their place in that society
society
an organised group of people associated for some specific purpose or with a shared common interest
2 main parts of socialisation
- primary
- secondary
primary socialisaton
early years of childhood, mainly by the immediate family
secondary socialisation
socialisation through teen years, mostly in school by peer groups and friends
social control
attempts by society to regulate people’s thoughts and behavior
social change
an alteration in the social order of a society
social issues
problems that affect many people within a society
social inequality
the unfair situation where resources or opportunities are distributed unevenly within a society
causes of inequality within sport
- lack of money/cost of participating
- lack of confidence/self-esteem
- lack of role models to aspire to
- myths or sterotypes in some sections of society about capabilites e.g. of women, ethnic minorities and disabled people
social stratification
type of sicual inequality where society is divided into different levels on the basis of a social characteristic such as wealth or status
social stratification system in sport
continues to be visible in sport with a number of groups of society being identified by Sport England as under-represented in terms of sports involvement e.g. low social class groups
social action theory
a way of viewing socialisation, emphasising social action, suggests that the formation and maintenance of a societyhinges upon social interaction and following this suggestion sport can have a positive impact on society
prejudice
to form an unfavourable opinion of an individual based on inadequete facts
discrimination
the unfair treatment of a erson or, minority group, making a distinction based off prejudice
stereotyping
making simple generalisations about all members of a group which allows others to categorise and treat them accordingly
2 types of discrimination
- overt discrimination: visible/ obvious (e.g. verbal abuse)
- covert discrimination: hidden/less obvious (e.g. non-selection of a player based off prejudice)
main barriers to participation
remember: TIME
- time
- income
- motivation- influenced by stereotypes and esteem
- education
3 main groups most affected by barriers to participation
- women
- disabled people
- ethnic minorities
common barriers to disabled people in sport (6)
- negative self image/lack of confidence
- low income levels
- lack of access in and around facilities
- lack of organised programs
- low levels of media coverage
- lack of specialist coaches/ clubs/ equipment
- myths/stereotypes about capabilities of those with disabilities
solution to common barriers to participation for disabled people in sport (8)
- provide more opportunities for success e.g. paraolympics
- increased invesment- subsidise it
- provide transport to facilities and improve access
- improved technology
- increased media coverage
- train specialist coaches, provide specialist equipment and leagues
- educate people on stereotypes/ myths
- provide accessible sports in school
2 programmes concentrated on impriving participation of disabled people in sport
- activity alliance
- sport england
examples of racism in sport
- stacking (disproportionate amount of ethnic minorities in certain positions in sport, usually due to stereotypes about their physcial/mental abilities)
- channelling (enthnic minorities pushed away from certain sports into others based off stereotypes)
possible barriers to participation faced by ethnic minorities (6)
- conflict with religious/cultural observations
- higher value placed on other aspects of life
- fear of racism
- fewer role models
- fear of rejection
-stereotyping/channelling
