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pe taylor > the impact of sport on society > Flashcards

the impact of sport on society Flashcards

1
Q

socialisation

A

a lifelong process where members of a society learn its norms, values, ideas practices and roles in order to take their place in that society

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2
Q

society

A

an organised group of people associated for some specific purpose or with a shared common interest

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3
Q

2 main parts of socialisation

A
  • primary
  • secondary
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4
Q

primary socialisaton

A

early years of childhood, mainly by the immediate family

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5
Q

secondary socialisation

A

socialisation through teen years, mostly in school by peer groups and friends

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6
Q

social control

A

attempts by society to regulate people’s thoughts and behavior

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7
Q

social change

A

an alteration in the social order of a society

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8
Q

social issues

A

problems that affect many people within a society

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9
Q

social inequality

A

the unfair situation where resources or opportunities are distributed unevenly within a society

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10
Q

causes of inequality within sport

A
  • lack of money/cost of participating
  • lack of confidence/self-esteem
  • lack of role models to aspire to
  • myths or sterotypes in some sections of society about capabilites e.g. of women, ethnic minorities and disabled people
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11
Q

social stratification

A

type of sicual inequality where society is divided into different levels on the basis of a social characteristic such as wealth or status

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12
Q

social stratification system in sport

A

continues to be visible in sport with a number of groups of society being identified by Sport England as under-represented in terms of sports involvement e.g. low social class groups

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13
Q

social action theory

A

a way of viewing socialisation, emphasising social action, suggests that the formation and maintenance of a societyhinges upon social interaction and following this suggestion sport can have a positive impact on society

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14
Q

prejudice

A

to form an unfavourable opinion of an individual based on inadequete facts

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15
Q

discrimination

A

the unfair treatment of a erson or, minority group, making a distinction based off prejudice

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16
Q

stereotyping

A

making simple generalisations about all members of a group which allows others to categorise and treat them accordingly

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17
Q

2 types of discrimination

A
  • overt discrimination: visible/ obvious (e.g. verbal abuse)
  • covert discrimination: hidden/less obvious (e.g. non-selection of a player based off prejudice)
18
Q

main barriers to participation

A

remember: TIME
- time
- income
- motivation- influenced by stereotypes and esteem
- education

19
Q

3 main groups most affected by barriers to participation

A
  • women
  • disabled people
  • ethnic minorities
20
Q

common barriers to disabled people in sport (6)

A
  • negative self image/lack of confidence
  • low income levels
  • lack of access in and around facilities
  • lack of organised programs
  • low levels of media coverage
  • lack of specialist coaches/ clubs/ equipment
  • myths/stereotypes about capabilities of those with disabilities
21
Q

solution to common barriers to participation for disabled people in sport (8)

A
  • provide more opportunities for success e.g. paraolympics
  • increased invesment- subsidise it
  • provide transport to facilities and improve access
  • improved technology
  • increased media coverage
  • train specialist coaches, provide specialist equipment and leagues
  • educate people on stereotypes/ myths
  • provide accessible sports in school
22
Q

2 programmes concentrated on impriving participation of disabled people in sport

A
  • activity alliance
  • sport england
23
Q

examples of racism in sport

A
  • stacking (disproportionate amount of ethnic minorities in certain positions in sport, usually due to stereotypes about their physcial/mental abilities)
  • channelling (enthnic minorities pushed away from certain sports into others based off stereotypes)
24
Q

possible barriers to participation faced by ethnic minorities (6)

A
  • conflict with religious/cultural observations
  • higher value placed on other aspects of life
  • fear of racism
  • fewer role models
  • fear of rejection
    -stereotyping/channelling
25
Q

possible solutions to participation faced by ethnic minorities (6)

A
  • train more coaches that represent and can be role models
  • provide single sex rovision for cultural observations
  • name and shame any racist incidents and serverly punish
  • Ensure rules in school don’t provide a barrier, e.g. kit rules
  • organise compaigns
26
Q

barriers to participation for women in sport (8)

A
  • stereotyes on role in society
  • less media coverage- less role models
  • fewer sponseship opportunities
  • negative impact of PE in school, pushed into ‘girly’ sports
  • lack of self esteem
  • lack of lesuire time due to extra childcare responsibilities
  • lack of disposable income
  • fewer leagues/competitions/clubs
27
Q

possible solutions to gender inequalities in sport

A
  • sex discrimination rules/ laws
  • work to remove gender stereotypes in home and society
  • increase media coverage
  • increased sponseship
  • improved pe program
  • more clubs/leagues
  • childcare facilities
28
Q

health benefits of raising participation (5)

A
  • decreased risk of heart disease
  • lowered blood pressure
  • lowered risk of type 2 diabetes
  • lowered risk of obesity
  • improved mental health
29
Q

social benefits of raising participation

A
  • raise levels of endorphns so better mental health in society, work better, less sick days
  • less ilness from obesity, e.g. cardidovascular disease putting less strain on NHS
  • overall healthier, happier sociaty leads to harder working
30
Q

national partners of sort england

A
  • activity alliance- disabled sport
  • sporting equals- promote sport for BME (black and ethnic minorities
  • women in sport
  • street games- sport for disadvangtaged communities
31
Q

what does sport england and its local partners do (8)

A
  • develop clubs allowing more people to participate
  • develop coaches improving performance
  • education programmes increasing awareness of health
  • equality targetted campaigns
  • develop more facilities
  • funding and support for grassroots
  • marketing
  • safeguarding for clubs
32
Q

social processes

A

forms of social interaction between individuals and groups which occur again and again

33
Q

interactionist approach

A
  • the study of how individuals behave within a society
  • stresses that people have an active role in shaping society
  • sport can have an impact on society and vice versa
34
Q

how sport effects society

A
  • highlights inequalities between social classes
  • influences our ideas about masculinity and femininity
  • influences our ideas about race or ethnicity (e.g negatively through racist chants aimed at players)
  • influences our ideas about disability (e.g positively through Paralympics)
  • contributes to our sense of national pride
  • targets problems like unemployment, crime and inequalities and it increases understanding of cultural differences
35
Q

overt discrimination against disabilities

A

highly visible and could occur when verbal abuse is aimed at individuals with a disablility

36
Q

covert discrimination against disabilities

A

harder to uncover and might occur when voting for their annual captain and their negative stereotypes influence them against voting for a disabled player

37
Q

stacking

A
  • the disproportionate concentration of ethnic minorities in certain positions in a sports team
  • tends to be based on the stereotype that they are more valuable for their physicality than their decision-making and communication qualities
38
Q

channelling

A

ethnic minorities may be pushed into certain sports and even certain positions within a team, based on assumptions about them

39
Q

health benefits of participation in sport

A
  • decreased risk of heart disease and stroke
  • avoidance of high/low blood pressure
  • decreased risk of type 2 diabetes
  • decreased risk of obesity.
  • stronger bones and decreased risk of osteoporosis
  • better mental health less risk of anxiety or depression
  • improved posture/body shape
  • improved cardiovascular endurance
  • improved flexibility
  • improved speed
40
Q

aims of sport england

A
  • Increase physical well-being
  • Increase mental well-being
  • Increase individual development
  • Increase social and community development
  • Increase economic development
41
Q

key principles of sport england

A
  • Focusing more money to tackle inactivity
  • Investing more in children to build positive attitudes
  • Helping those currently active to carry on participating
  • Helping sport to become more inclusive
  • Encouraging innovation

pe taylor (7 decks)

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